[en] A simple procedure is presented to estimate a) the number of macroscopic reactions needed to represent the time-evolution of the key components of a bioprocess, b) its stoichiometric matrix, and c) the structure and parameter value of its kinetics. The first two stages use the mathematical technique of Maximum Likelihood Principal Component Analysis to determine the stoichiometric matrix of the process, and the third stage uses Likelihood Ratio Testing to navigate through the branches of a decision tree made of various kinetic structures. The performance of our identification procedure is illustrated all along the paper, with a simulated example of anaerobic digestion.