Molecular and chemical characters to evaluate species status of two cuckoo bumblebees: Bombus barbutellus and Bombus maxillosus (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)
Lecocq, Thomas ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Zoologie
Lhomme, Patrick ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Zoologie
Michez, Denis ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Zoologie
Dellicour, Simon
Valterová, I.
Rasmont, Pierre ; Université de Mons > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Zoologie
Language :
English
Title :
Molecular and chemical characters to evaluate species status of two cuckoo bumblebees: Bombus barbutellus and Bombus maxillosus (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini)
Amiet, F. (1996) Hymenoptera Apidae, 1. Teil. Allgemeiner Teil, gattungsschlüssel, die gattungen Apis, Bombus und Psithyrus. Insecta Helvetica (Fauna), 12, 1-98.
Anagnostopoulos, I.T. (2005) The bumblebee fauna of Greece: an annotated species list including new records for Greece (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 37, 1013-1026.
Avise, J. (2000) Phylogeography The History and Formation of Species. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Aytekin, A.M., Terzo, M., Rasmont, P. & Cagatay, N. (2007) Landmark based geometric morphometric analysis of wing shape in Sibiricobombus Vogt (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus Latreille). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (n.s.), 43, 95-102.
Baker, D.B. (1996) On a collection of humble-bees from northern Iran (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Bombinae). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 46, 109-132.
Ball, F.J. (1914) Les bourdons de la Belgique. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 58, 77-108.
Batalha-Filho, H., Waldschmidt, A., Campos, L.A.O., Tavares, M.G. & Fernandes-Salomão, T. (2010) Phylogeography and historical demography of the Neotropical stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata (Hymenoptera, Apidae): incongruence between morphology and mitochondrial DNA. Apidologie, 41, 534-547.
Bauer, A.M., Parham, J.F., Brown, R.M. et al. (2011) Availability of new Bayesian-delimited gecko names and the importance of character-based species descriptions. Proceeding of the Royal Society B, 278, 490-492.
Baum, D. (1992) Phylogenetic species concepts. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 7, 1-3.
Baum, D.A. & Shaw, K.L. (1995) Genealogical perspectives on the species problem. Experimental and Molecular Approaches to Plant Biosystematics (ed. by P.C. Hoch ), pp. 289-303. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Michigan.
Bergman, P. (1997) Chemical communication in bumblebee premating behaviour. PhD Thesis, Göteborg University, Göteborg.
Bergström, G., Svensson, B.G., Appelgren, M. & Groth, I. (1981) Complexity of bumble bee marking pheromones: biochemical, ecological and systematical interpretations. Systematics Association Special Volume, 19, 175-183.
Bernasconi, C., Pamilo, P. & Cherix, D. (2010) Molecular markers allow sibling species identification in red wood ants (Formica rufa group). Systematic Entomology, 35, 243-249.
Bertsch, A. (1997) Wieviele arten der untergattung Terrestribombus (Hymenoptera, Apidae) gibt es in Nordhessen; die abgrenzung von Bombus cryptarum und B. lucorum mittels männlicher labialdrüsen-sekrete und morphologischer merkmale. Marbuger Entomologische Publikationen, 2, 1-28.
Bertsch, A., Schweer, H., Titze, A. & Tanaka, H. (2005) Male labial gland secretions and mitochondrial DNA markers support species status of Bombus cryptarum and B. magnus (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Insectes Sociaux, 52, 45-54.
Bickford, D., Lohman, D.J., Sodhi, N.S. et al. (2007) Cryptic species as a window on diversity and conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 22, 148-155.
Bolton, B. (1995) A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Havard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Boursot, P. & Bonhomme, F. (1986) Génétique et évolution du génome mitochondrial des Métazoaires. Institut national de la recherche agronomique, Versailles.
Burns, J.M., Janzen, D.H., Hajibabaei, M., Hallwachs, W. & Hebert, P.D. (2008) DNA barcode and cryptic species of skipper butterflies in the genus Perichares in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 6350-6355.
Byvaltsev, A.M. (2008) Bumblebee (Hymenoptera Apidae, Bombini) fauna of the forest steppes and steppe zones of the West Siberian Pain. Eurasian Entomological Journal, 7, 141-147.
Byvaltsev, A.M. (2009) The community of Bumble Bees (Hymenoptera Apidae, Bombini) in the city of Novosibirsk and its environs. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2, 216-223.
Calam, D.H. (1969) Species and sex-specific compounds from the head of male bumblebees (Bombus spp). Nature, 21, 856-857.
Cameron, S.A., Hines, H.M. & Williams, P.H. (2007) A comprehensive phylogeny of the bumble bees (Bombus). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 91, 161-188.
Carapelli, A., Frati, F., Nardi, F., Dallai, R. & Simon, C. (2000) Molecular phylogeny of the apterygotan insects based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Pedobiologia, 44, 361-373.
Cederberg, B., Svensson, B.G., Bergström, G., Appelgren, M. & Groth, I. (1984) Male marking pheromones in the North European cuckoo bumble bees, Psithyrus (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 3, 161-166.
Coppée, A. (2010) Bombus Terrestris A Complex Species or a Species Complexe. Université de Mons, Mons.
Coppée, A., Terzo, M., Valterová, I. & Rasmont, P. (2008) Intraspecific variation of the cephalic labial gland secretions in Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Chemistry and Biodiversity, 5, 2654-2661.
Cumber, R.A. (1949) The biology of the humble-bees, with special reference to the production of the worker caste. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 100, 1-45.
Danforth, B.N. (1999) Phylogeny of the bee genus Lasioglossum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) based on mitochondrial COI sequence data. Systematic Entomology, 24, 377-393.
Dathe, H.H., Taeger, A. & Blank, S.M. (2001) Verzeichnis der Hautflügler Deutschlands (Fauna Germanica 4). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 7, 143-155.
De Meulemeester, T., Gerbaux, P., Boulvin, M., Coppée, A. & Rasmont, P. (2011) A simplified protocol for bumble bee species identification by cephalic secretion analysis. Insectes Sociaux, 58, 227-236.
De Queiroz, K. (2007) Species concepts and species delimitation. Systematic Biology, 56, 879-886.
Dylewska, M. (1966) The apoidea of the Babia Gora Mountain. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, XI, 111-175.
Elfving, R. (1968) Die bienen Finnlands. Fauna Fennica, 21, 1-69.
Engel, M.S. (2011) Systematic melittology: where to from here? Systematic Entomology, 36, 2-15.
Estoup, A., Solignac, M., Cornuet, J.M., Goudet, J. & Scholl, A. (1996) Genetic differentiation of continental and island populations of Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Europe. Molecular Ecology, 5, 19-31.
Farris, J.M., Källersjo, M., Kulge, A.G. & Bult, A.C. (1994) Testing significance of incongruence. Cladistics, 10, 315-319.
Felsenstein, J. (1985) Phylogenies and the comparative method. The American Naturalist, 125, 1-15.
Fisher, B.L. & Smith, M.A. (2008) A revision of Malagasy species of Anochetus mayr and Odontomachus latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). PLoS ONE, 3, e1787, 1-23.
Fitzpatrick, U., Murray, T.E., Paxton, R.J. & Brown, M.J.F. (2006) Regional Red Data List for Irish Bees. General report. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Dublin, and Environment and Heritage Service, Belfast.
Gibbs, J. (2009) Integrative taxonomy indentifies new (and old) species in the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) tegulare (Robertson) species group (Hymenoptera, Halictidae). Zootaxa, 2032, 1-38.
Gloger, C.L. (1833) Das abändern der vögel durch einfluss des klimas. August Schulz, Breslau.
Gourbière, S. & Mallet, J. (2009) Are species real? The shape of the species boundary with exponential failure, reinforcement, and the "missing snowball". Evolution, 64, 1-24.
Grütte, E. (1940) Beitrag zur kenntnis des subgenus Allopsithyrus Popov (Hym. Apid.). Deutsche Entomologischen Zeitschrift, 4, 204-223.
Haas, A. (1949) Arttypische flugbahnen von hummelmännchen. Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie, 31, 281-307.
Haas, A. (1967) Vergleichende verhaltensstudien zum Paaringsschwarm der hummeln (Bombus) und Schmarotzerhummeln (Psithyrus). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 24, 257-277.
Hebert, P.D.N. Ratnasingham, S. & deWaard, J.R. (2003) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 270, S96-S99.
Heinrich, B. (1975) Thermoregulation in bumblebees II. Energetics of warm-up and free flight. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 96, 155-166.
Hillis, D.M. & Bull, J.J. (1993) An empirical-test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic analysis. Systematic Biology, 42, 182-192.
Hines, H.M. (2008) Historical biogeography, divergence times, and diversification patterns of bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus). Systematic Biology, 57, 58-75.
Hines, H.M., Cameron, S.A. & Williams, P.H. (2006) Molecular phylogeny of the bumble bee subgenus Pyrobombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus) with insights into gene utility for lower-level analysis. Invertebrate Systematics, 20, 289-303.
Hoffer, E. (1889) Die schmarotzerhummeln Steiermarks. Lebensgeschichte und beschreibung derselben. Mitteilungen Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein Steiermark, 25, 82-158.
Ings, T.C., Ings, N.L., Chittka, L. & Rasmont, P. (2010) A failed invasion? Commercially introduced pollinators in Southern France. Apidologie, 41, 1-13.
Intoppa, F., Piazza, M.G. & Riccardelli D'Albore, G.C. (1995) Catalogo bibliografico delle specie di Bombidae (Hymenopetra Apoidae) segnalate per l'Italia. Apicoltura, 10, 1-132.
Iserbyt, S. (2009) La faune des bourdons (Hymenoptera Apidae) du Parc National des Pyrénées Occidentales et des zones adjacentes. Annales de la Sociéte Entomologique de France (n.s.) 45, 217-244.
Jordal, B.H. (2002) Elongation factor 1 alpha resolves the monophyly of the haplodiploid ambrosia beetles Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Insect Molecular Biology, 11, 453-465.
Katoh, K., Misawa, K., Kuma, K. & Miyata, T. (2002) MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform. Nucleic Acids Research, 30, 3059-3066.
Kjer, K.M., Blahnik, R.J. & Holzenthal, R.W. (2001) Phylogeny of Trichoptera (caddisflies): characterization of signal and noise within multiple datasets. Systematic Biology, 50, 781-816.
Koulianos, S. & Schmid-Hempel, P. (2000) Phylogenetic relationships among bumble bees (Bombus, latreille) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 14, 335-341.
Kullenberg, B., Bergström, G. & Ställberg-Stenhagen, S. (1970) Volatile components of the cephalic marking secretion of male bumblebees. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 24, 1481-1483.
Kullenberg, B., Bergström, G., Bringer, B., Carlberg, B. & Cederberg, B. (1973) Observations on scent marking by Bombus Latr. and Psithyrus Lep. Males (Hym., Apidae) and localization of site of production of the secretion. Zoon, 1 (Suppl.), 23-30.
Leaché, A.D. & Fujita, M.K. (2011) Bayesian species delimitation in West African forest geckos (Hemidactylus fasciatus). Proceeding of the Royal Society B, 278, 493-495.
Lecocq, T. (2009a) Génétique et phéromones sexuelles des bourdons de la Corse. Master Thesis, University of Mons, Mons.
Lecocq, T., Coppée, A., Michez, D. & Rasmont, P. (2009b) Phylogeny and sexual pheromones of Corsican bumblebees. Systematics, First Meeting of BioSyst EU 2009, Seventh Biennial Conference of the Systematics Association, Leiden, 14 August 2009.
Lhomme, P. (2009) L'inquilinisme chez les bourdons. Osmia, 3, 17-22.
Lockey, K. (1991) Insect hydrocarbon classes - implications for chemotaxonomy. Insect Biochemistry, 21, 91-97.
Løken, A. (1984) Scandinavian species of the genus Psithyrus Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Entomologica Scandinavia (Supplement), 23, 1-45.
MacQueen, J.B. (1967) Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. Proceedings of 5-th Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, Vol. 1, pp. 281-297. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
Maddison, W. & Maddison, D. (2007) Mesquite: A Modular System for Evolutionary Analysis. Version 2.6 (Buid 486).
Maidl, F. (1922) Beiträge zur Hymenopterenfauna Dalmatiens Montenegros und Albaniens. I. Teil: Aculeata und Chrysididae. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums, 35, 36-106.
Mantel, N. (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Research, 27, 209-220.
Martin, S.J., Helanterä, H. & Drijfhout, F.P. (2008) Evolution of species-specific cuticular hydrocarbon patterns in Formica ants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 95, 131-140.
May, J. (1942) Subgenus Allopsithyrus Popov in Böhmen und Mähren. (Hym. Apid.). Sborník Entomologického oddeleni Zemskeho Musea v Praze, XX, 223-231.
May, J. (1943) Beitrag zur systematik einiger arten der schmarotzerhummeln - Psithyrus Lep. (Hymen. Apoid.). Sborník Entomologického oddeleni Zemskeho Musea v Praze, XXI-XXII, 231-275 + 2 pl.
Mayr, E. (1942) Systematics and the Origin of Species. Columbia University Press, New York, New York.
Michener, C. (1951) Subgeneric groups of Hemisia (Hymenoptera, Apoidea). The Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 24, 1-11.
Michez, D. & Eardley, C. (2007) Monographic revision of the bee genus Melitta Kirby 1802 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Melittidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (n.s.), 43, 379-440.
Móczár, M. (1957) Méhfélék, Magyarország állatvilága. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
Monsevicius, V. (1995) A check-list of wild bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Lithuania with data to their distribution and bionomics. New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species. Records and Descriptions of 1994-1995. Institute of Ecology, Vilnius.
Müller, M. (1936) Psithyrus barbutellus Kirby und P. maxillosus Klug (Apid., Hym.). Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologishen Gesellschaft, 6, 73-76.
Ornosa, G. (1984) La subfamilia Bombinae (Hym., Apidae) de la fauna Espanola. PhD Thesis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid.
Pagliano, G. (1993) Catalogo Degli Imenotteri Italiani. IV. (Apoidea: Colletidae, Andrenidae, Megachilidae, Anthophoridae, Apidae). Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana, 72, 331-467.
Pamilo, P., Tengö, J., Rasmont, P., Pirhonen, K., Pekkarinen, A. & Kaarnam, E. (1997) Pheromonal and enzyme genetic characteristics of the Bombus lucorum species complex in northern Europe. Entomologica Fennica, 7, 187-194.
Papadopoulou, A., Bergsten, J., Fujisawa, T., Monaghan, M.T., Barraclough, T.G. & Vogler, A.P. (2008) Speciation and DNA barcodes: testing the effects of dispersal on the formation of discrete sequence clusters. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society B, 363, 2987-2996.
Paterson, H.E.H. (1993) Evolution and the Recognition Concept of Species. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
Pawlikowski, T. (2008) A Distribution Atlas of Bumblebees of Poland. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Toruń.
Peat, J., Darvill, B., Ellis, J. & Goulson, D. (2005) Effects of climate on intra- and interspecific size variation in bumble-bees. Functional Ecology, 19, 145-151.
Pedersen, B.V. (1996) A phylogenetic analysis of cuckoo bumblebees (Psithyrus, Lepeletier) and bumblebees (Bombus, Latreille) inferred from sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 5, 289-297.
Pedersen, V. (2002) European bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombini)- phylogenetic relationships inferred from DNA sequences. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 33, 361-386.
Peeters, T.M.J., Raemakers, I.P. & Smit, J. (1999) Voorlopige Atlas van de Nederlandse Bijen (Apidae). European Invertebrate Survey, Leiden.
Pekkarinen, A. (1982) Morphology and specific status of Bombus lapponicus (Fabricius) and B. monticola Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Entomologica Scandinavia, 13, 41-46.
Pittioni, B. (1939) Die hummeln und Schwarotzerhummeln der Balkan-Halbinsel. Mitteilungen aus den Königl. Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten, XII, 49-115 + VI pl.
Pittioni, B. & Schmidt, R. (1942) Die bienen des füdöftlichen Niederdonau. 1. Apidae, Podlriidae, Xylocopidae und Certinidae. Niederdonau/Natur und Kultur, 19, 1-69.
Popov, V.B. (1931) Zur kenntnis der Paläarktischen schmarotzerhummeln (Psithyrus Lep.). Eos, 7, 131-209.
Posada, D. (2008) jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 25, 1253-1256.
Postner, M. (1952) Biologish-ökologishe untersuchen an hummeln und ihre nestern. Veröfentlichungen Museum für Naturkunde, 2, 45-86.
Pouvreau, A. (1973) Les ennemis des bourdons. I.- Etude d'une zoocénose le nid de bourdons. Apidologie, 4, 103-148.
Quinn, G.P. & Keough, M.J. (2006) Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Rambaut, A. & Drummond, A. (2007) Tracer. V1.5.0. Available from
Rasmont, P. (1988) Monographie écologique et zoogéographique des bourdons de France et de Belgique (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombinae). PHD Thesis, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de l'Etat, Gembloux.
Rasmont, P. & Adamski, A. (1996) Les Bourdons de la Corse (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bombinae). Notes Fauniques de Gembloux, 31, 1-87.
Rasmont, P. & Flagothier, D. (1996) Biogéographie et choix floraux des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Apidae) de la Turquie. N.A.T.O. - O.T.A.N. Tu-Pollination project, rapport préliminaire. Report for Université de Mons Hainaut, Çukurova Universitesi, Mons.
Rasmont, P., Ebmer, P.A., Banaszak, J. & Zanden, G.V.D. (1995) Hymenoptera Apoidea Gallica. Liste taxonomique des abeilles de France, de Belgique, de Suisse et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Bulletin de la Société de France, 100, 1-98.
Rasmont, P., Terzo, M., Aytekin, A.M., Hines, H., Urbanová, K., Cahliková, L. & Valterová, I. (2005) Cephalic secretions of the bumblebee subgenus Sibiricobombus Vogt suggest Bombus niveatus Kriechbaumer and Bombus vorticosus Gerstaecker are conspecific (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus). Apidologie, 36, 571-584.
Reinig, W.F. (1935) On the variation of Bombus lapidarius L. and its cuckoo, Psithyrus rupestris Fabr., with notes on mimetic similarity. Journal of Genetics, XXX, 321-356.
Reinig, W.F. (1971) Zur faunistik und zoogeographie des Vorderen Orients. 3. Beitrag zur kenntnis der hummeln und schmarotzerhummeln Anatoliens. Veröffentlichungen der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München, 15, 139-165.
Ressel, F. (1974) Beitrag zur kenntnis der hummelfauna des südwestlichen Niederösterreichs (Hym., Apidae). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 24, 67-71.
Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. (2003) MrBayes 3: bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19, 1572-1574.
Schenck, A. (1859) Die Nassauischen bienen. Revision und ergänzung der früheren bearbeitungen. Jahrbuch des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde, 14, 1-414.
Schmiedeknecht, H.L.O. (1883) Apidae Europaeae (Die Bienen Europa's) per genera, species et varietates. Dispositae Atque Descriptae, Volume I: Fascicule 6, pp. 9(393)-29(413); 1(415)-56(470). Gumperdar, Berlin.
Schwarz, M., Gusenleitner, F., Westrich, P. & Dathe, H.H. (1996) Katalog der bienen Österreichs, Deutschlands und der Schweiz (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Entomofauna Supplement, 8, 1-398.
Schwarz, M., Gusenleitner, F. & Kopf, T. (2005) Weitere angaben zur bienenfauna Österreichs sowie beschreibung einer neuen Osmia-art. Vorstudie zu einer gesamtbearbeitung der bienen Österreichs VIII. Entomofauna, 26, 117-164.
Sladen, F.W.L. (1912) The Humble-Bee, its Life History and How to Domesticate it, With Descriptions of all the British Species of Bombus and Psithyrus. Macmillan, London.
Smith, A., Rodriguez, J.J., Whitfield, J.B., Deans, A.R., Janzen, D.H., Hallwachs, W. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2008) Extreme diversity of tropical parasitoid wasps exposed by iterative integration of natural history, DNA barcoding, morphology and collections. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105, 12359-12364.
Straka, J., Bogusch, P. & Pridal, A. (2007) Apoidea: apiformes (včely). Annotated Checklist of the Aculeata (Hymenoptera) of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis, Pragae, Supplementum, 11, 241-299.
Svensson, B.G. (1979) Pyrobombus lapponicus auct. In Europe recognized as two species: P. lapponicus (Fabricius, 1793) and P. monticola (Smith, 1849) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bombinae). Entomological Scandinavia, 10, 275-296.
Svensson, B.G. & Bergström, G. (1977) Volatile marking secretions from the labial gland of north European Pyrobombus D.T. males (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Insect Sociaux, 24, 213-224.
Swofford, D.L. (2001) PAUP. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods). 4.0b10. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Symonds, M.R.E., Moussalli, A. & Elgar, M.A. (2009) The evolution of sex pheromones in an ecologically diverse genus of flies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 97, 594-603.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2007) MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24, 1596-1599.
Templeton, A.R. (1989) The meaning of species and speciation, a genetic perspective. Speciation and its Consequences (ed. by D. Endler and J.A. Otte ), pp. 3-27. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Terzo, M., Valterová, I., Urbanová, K. & Rasmont, P. (2003) De la nécessité de redécrire les phéromones sexuelles des mâles de bourdons [Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombini] publiées avant 1996 pour leur utilisation en analyse phylogénétique. Phytoprotection, 84, 39-49.
Terzo, M., Urbanová, K., Valterová, I. & Rasmont, P. (2005) Intra and interspecific variability of the cephalic labial glands' secretions in male bumblebees: the case of Bombus (Thoracobombus) ruderarius (Müller) and B. (Thoracobombus) sylvarum (L.) [Hymenoptera, Apidae]. Apidologie, 36, 85-96.
Tkalců, B. (1969) Ergebnisse der Albanien-Expedition 1961 des Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes. 78. Beitrag. Hymenoptera: Apidae IV (Bombinae). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 19, 887-916.
Trewick, S.A. (2008) DNA barcoding is not enough: mismatch of taxonomy and genealogy in New Zealand grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Cladistics, 24, 240-254.
Tumšs, V. III. (1975) Materiali Latvijas bišu (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) fauna. Zoologijas Muzejas Raksti, 13, 5-24.
Urbanová, K., Halik, J., Hovorka, O., Kindl, J. & Valterová, I. (2004) Marking pheromones of the cuckoo bumblebee males (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bombus Latreille): compositions of labial gland secretions of six species found in the Czech Republic. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 32, 1025-1045.
Valterová, I. & Urbanová, K. (1997) Chemical signals of bumblebees. Chemicke Listy, 91, 846-857.
Vereecken, N., Mant, J. & Schiestl, F.P. (2007) Population differentiation in female sex pheromone and male preferences in a solitary bee. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 811-821.
Vogrin, V. (1955) Prilog fauni Hymenoptera Aculeata Jugoslavije. Zaštita Bilja, Beograd, 31, 15-21.
Vogt, O. (1909) Studien über das artproblem. 1. Mitteilung. Über das variieren der hummeln, 1. Teil. Naturforschender Freunde, 1, 27-84.
Westrich, P. (1989) Die wildbienen Baden-Württembergs. Spezieller teil: die gattungen und arten. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
Widmer, A., Schimid-Hempel, P., Estoup, A. & Scholl, A. (1998a) Population genetic structure and colonization history of Bombus terrestris s.l. (Hymenoptera: Apidar) from the Canary islands and Madeira. Heredity, 81, 563-572.
Widmer, A., Schmid-Hempel, P., Estoup, A. & Scholl, A. (1998b) Population genetic structure and colonization history of Bombus terrestris s.l. (Hymenoptera Apidae) from the Canary Islands and Madeira. Heredity, 81, 563-572.
Wilcox, T.P., Zwickl, D.J., Heath, T.A. & Hillis, D.M. (2002) Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 25, 361-371.
Williams, P.H. (1985) A preliminary cladistic investigation of relationships among the bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Systematic Entomology, 10, 239-255.
Williams, P.H. (1998) An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (Entomology), 67, 79-152.
Williams, P.H. (2007) The distribution of bumblebee colour patterns worldwilde: possible significance for thermoregulation, crypsis, and warming mimicry. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 92, 97-118.
Williams, P.H. (2008) Do the parasitic Psithyrus resemble their host bumblebees in colour pattern? Apidologie, 39, 637-649.
Yassin, A., Cappy, P., Madi-Ravazzi, L., Ogereau, D. & David, J.R. (2007) DNA barcode discovers two cryptic species and two geographical radiations in the invasive drosophilid Zaprionus indianus. Molecular Ecology Notes, 8, 491-501.
Yefremova, Z.A. (2001) Faunal and ecological notes on species of Bombus Latreille, 1802, and Psithyrus Lepeletier, 1832 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from the Tarbagatai and Saur mountains ranges in eastern Kazakhstan. Entomologist's Gazette, 52, 269-275.
Žáček, P., Kalinová, B., Šobotník, J. et al. (2009) Comparison of age-dependent quantitative changes in the male labial gland secretion of Bombus terrestris and Bombus lucorum. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 35, 698-705.
Zhang, Z., Schwartz, S., Wagner, L. & Miller, W. (2000) A greedy algorithm for aligning DNA sequences. Journal of Computational Biology, 7, 203-214.
Zwickl, D.J. (2006) Genetic algorithm approaches for the phylogenetic analysis of large biological sequence datasets under the maximum likelihood criteria. PhD Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
