Electrical resistivity tomography; Monitoring; Monsoon; Near surface geophysics; Time-series clustering; Early Warning System; Hydrological process; Local community; Monitoring system; Near-surface geophysics; Slope failure; Time series clustering; Tropical regions; Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Abstract :
[en] The number of large landslides in India has risen in the recent years, due to an increased occurrence of extreme monsoon rainfall events. There is an urgent need to improve our understanding of moisture-induced landslide dynamics, which vary both spatially and temporally. Geophysical methods provide integrated tools to monitor subsurface hydrological processes in unstable slopes at high spatial resolution. They are complementary to more conventional approaches using networks of point sensors, which can provide high temporal resolution information but are severely limited in terms of spatial resolution. Here, we present and discuss data from an electrical resistivity tomography monitoring system—called PRIME—deployed at the Amrita Landslide Early Warning System (Amrita-LEWS) site located in Munnar in the Western Ghats (Kerala, India). The system monitors changes in electrical resistivity in the subsurface of a landslide-prone slope that directly threatens a local community. The monitoring system provides a 4D resistivity model informing on the moisture dynamics in the subsurface of the slope. Results from a 10-month period spanning from pre-monsoon to the end of the monsoon season 2019 are presented and discussed with regard to the spatial variation of soil moisture. The temporal changes in resistivity within the slope are further investigated through the use of time-series clustering and compared to weather and subsurface pore water pressure data. This study sheds new light on the hydrological processes occurring in the shallow subsurface during the monsoon and potentially leading to slope failure. This geophysical approach aims at better understanding and forecasting slope failure to reduce the risk for the local community, thereby providing a powerful tool to be included in local landslide early warning systems.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Watlet, Arnaud ; Université de Mons - UMONS > Faculté Polytechniqu > Service de Géologie fondamentale et appliquée ; Shallow Geohazards and Earth Observation, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Thirugnanam, Hemalatha; Center for Wireless Networks & Applications (WNA), Amritapuri, India
Singh, Balmukund; Center for Wireless Networks & Applications (WNA), Amritapuri, India
Kumar M, Nitin; Center for Wireless Networks & Applications (WNA), Amritapuri, India
Brahmanandan, Deepak; Center for Wireless Networks & Applications (WNA), Amritapuri, India
Inauen, Cornelia; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Potsdam, Germany
Swift, Russell; Shallow Geohazards and Earth Observation, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Meldrum, Phil; Shallow Geohazards and Earth Observation, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Uhlemann, Sebastian; Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
Wilkinson, Paul; Shallow Geohazards and Earth Observation, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Chambers, Jonathan; Shallow Geohazards and Earth Observation, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Ramesh, Maneesha Vinodini; Center for Wireless Networks & Applications (WNA), Amritapuri, India
Language :
English
Title :
4D electrical resistivity to monitor unstable slopes in mountainous tropical regions: an example from Munnar, India
Publication date :
May 2023
Journal title :
Landslides
ISSN :
1612-510X
eISSN :
1612-5118
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Research Institute for the Science and Management of Risks
Funders :
British Geological Survey NC-ODA
Funding text :
This research project was supported by the British Geological Survey NC-ODA grant NE/R000069/1: Geoscience for Sustainable Futures.The authors wish to thank S. Kumar for maintaining the Amrita-LEWS site throughout the duration of this experiment, as well as members of the landslide team at Amrita WNA, and members of Shallow Geophysics at BGS.
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