[en] Most optical phenomena result from the interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter. However, the light structure can be eminently more complex than plane waves, with many degrees of freedom and dimensions involved, yielding intricate configurations. Light transcends the conventional landscape of electromagnetism, offering the possibility to tailor light in three dimensions (intermixing all three electric field components), in four-dimensional spacetime (for fields manifesting both temporal and spatial patterns), and, beyond that, to make structured quantum light, tuning its characteristics at an unprecedented new level of control. This article addresses the physical foundations of structured light, its interactions with matter, including the nonlinear regime and probing chirality, its classical benefits with holography as a specific highlight, and quantum mechanical applications. It describes the various applications connecting structured light with material physics, quantum information, and technology. Notably, we discuss weak measurements with structured light acting as the meter with connections to probing structured-light beam shifts at interfaces. Ultimately, revealing the interplay between structured light and matter opens attractive avenues for different new technologies and applications, covering both the classical and the quantum realms.
Disciplines :
Physics
Author, co-author :
Bokić, Bojana ; Nanophotonics Laboratory, Photonics Center, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
de Coene, Yovan ; Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Ferrara, Maria Antonietta ; Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
Verbiest, Thierry ; Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Caudano, Yves ; Department of Physics, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Institute for Complex Systems (naXys), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
Kolaric, Branko ; Université de Mons - UMONS > Faculté des Sciences > Service des Matériaux Micro et Nanophotoniques ; Nanophotonics Laboratory, Photonics Center, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Language :
English
Title :
Structured Light from Classical to Quantum Perspectives
Publication date :
August 2024
Journal title :
Symmetry
eISSN :
2073-8994
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
R400 - Institut de Recherche en Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux
Funders :
Office of Naval Research Global ESA MAP Project EU: the EIC Pathfinder Challenges 2022 call
Funding text :
BB and BK acknowledge funding provided by the Institute of Physics Belgrade, through the institutional funding by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia, and the support of the Office of Naval Research Global through the Research Grant N62902-22-1-2024. YdC acknowledges the fund for scientific research\u2014Flanders for a junior post-doc position (nr 1234222N). MAF acknowledges financial support from ESA MAP Project (4000129503/20/NL/PG/pt): Wound Healing In Space: Key challenges towards Intelligent and Enabling Sensing platforms (WHISKIES). TV acknowledges financial support from KULeuven. This work was supported by the Action de Recherche Concert\u00E9e WeaM at the University of Namur (19/23-001). BB, MAF, TV, YC, and BK acknowledge the support of the EU: the EIC Pathfinder Challenges 2022 call through the Research Grant 101115149 (project ARTEMIS).All authors warmly acknowledge fruitful discussion and contribution of Dragana Jovi\u0107 Savi\u0107 from the Institute of Physics Belgrade and Dejan Timotijevi\u0107 from the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research Belgrade regarding the physics of nondiffracting beams. BB and BK acknowledge funding provided by the Institute of Physics Belgrade, through the institutional funding by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia, and the support of the Office of Naval Research Global through the Research Grant N62902-22-1-2024. Additionally, BK acknowledges support from F.R.S.-FNRS. YdC acknowledges the fund for scientific research-Flanders for a junior post-doc position (nr 1234222N). MAF acknowledges financial support from ESA MAP Project (4000129503/20/NL/PG/pt): Wound Healing In Space: Key challenges towards Intelligent and Enabling Sensing platforms (WHISKIES). TV acknowledges financial support from KULeuven. YC is a Research Associate of the Fund for Scientific Research F.R.S.-FNRS. This work was supported by the Action de Recherche Concert\u00E9e WeaM at the University of Namur (19/23-001). BB, MAF, TV, YC, and BK acknowledge the support of the EU: the EIC Pathfinder Challenges 2022 call through the Research Grant 101115149 (project ARTEMIS). The content reflects only the authors\u2019 views, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Haroche S. Raimond J.-M. Exploring the Quantum: Atoms, Cavities and Photons Oxford University Press Oxford, UK 2006
Secor J. Alfano R. Ashrafi S. Complex Light IOP Bristol, UK 2017 10.1088/978-0-7503-1371-1ch1
Zangwill A. Modern Elecromagnetism Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 2013 10.1063/pt.3.3664
Rubinsztein-Dunlop H. Forbes A. Berry M.V. Dennis M.R. Andrews D.L. Mansuripur M. Denz C. Alpmann C. Banzer P. Bauer T. et al. Roadmap on structured light J. Opt. 2017 19 013001 10.1088/2040-8978/19/1/013001
Bliokh K.Y. Karimi E. Padgett M.J. Alonso M.A. Dennis M.R. Dudley A. Forbes A. Zahedpour S. Hancock S.W. Milchberg H.M. et al. Roadmap on structured waves J. Opt. 2023 25 103001 10.1088/2040-8986/acea92
Wang J. Castellucci F. Franke-Arnold S. Vectorial light-matter interaction: Exploring spatially structured complex light fields AVS Quantum Sci. 2020 2 031702 10.1116/5.0016007
Forbes A.K. Andrews D.L. Orbital angular momentum of twisted light: Chirality and optical activity J. Phys. Photonics 2021 3 022007 10.1088/2515-7647/abdb06
Frankel T. The Geometry of Physics Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 2004 10.1086/522748
Durnin J. Miceli J.J. Eberly J.H. Diffraction-free beams Phys. Rev. Lett. 1987 58 1499 1501 10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.1499 10034453
Durnin J. Exact solutions for nondiffracting beams. I. The scalar theory J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 1987 4 651 654 10.1364/JOSAA.4.000651
Boguslawski M. Rose P. Denz C. Increasing the structural variety of discrete nondiffracting wave fields Phys. Rev. A 2011 84 013832 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.013832
Rose P. Boguslawski M. Denz C. Nonlinear lattice structures based on families of complex nondiffracting beams New J. Phys. 2012 14 033018 10.1088/1367-2630/14/3/033018
McQueen C. Arlt J. Dholakia K. An experiment to study a “nondiffracting” light beam Am. J. Phys. 1999 67 912 915 10.1119/1.19148
Gutiérrez-Vega J.C. Iturbe-Castillo M.D. Chávez-Cerda S. Alternative formulation for invariant optical fields: Mathieu beams Opt. Lett. 2000 25 1493 1495 10.1364/OL.25.001493
Bandres M.A. Gutiérrez-Vega J.C. Chávez-Cerda S. Parabolic nondiffracting optical wave fields Opt. Lett. 2004 29 44 46 10.1364/OL.29.000044
Freedman B. Bartal G. Segev M. Lifshitz R. Christodoulides D.N. Fleischer J.W. Wave and defect dynamics in nonlinear photonic quasicrystals Nature 2006 440 04722 10.1038/nature04722
Vicente O.C. Caloz C. Bessel beams: A unified and extended perspective Optica 2021 8 2334 2536 10.1364/optica.411887
Boguslawski M. Lučić N.M. Diebel F. Timotijević D.V. Denz C. Savić D.M.J. Light localization in optically induced deterministic aperiodic Fibonacci lattices Optica 2016 3 711 717 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000711
Lóxpez-Mariscal C. Gutiérrez-Vega J.C. Milne G. Dholakia K. Orbital angular momentum transfer in helical Mathieu beams Opt. Express 2006 14 4182 4187 10.1364/OE.14.004182 19516569
Baumgartl J. Mazilu M. Dholakia K. Optically mediated particle clearing using Airy wavepackets Nat. Photonics 2008 2 675 678 10.1038/nphoton.2008.201
Fleischer J. Segev M. Efremidis N. Christodoulides D. Observation of two-dimensional discrete solitons in optically induced nonlinear photonic lattices Nature 2003 422 147 10.1038/nature01452
Sogomonian S. Klewitz S. Herminghaus S. Self-reconstruction of a Bessel beam in a nonlinear medium Opt. Commun. 1997 139 313 319 10.1016/S0030-4018(97)00093-X
Bouchal Z. Wagner J. Chlup M. Self-reconstruction of a distorted nondiffracting beam Opt. Commun. 1998 151 207 211 10.1016/S0030-4018(98)00085-6
Chávez-Cerda S. Meneses-Nava M.A. Hickmann J.M. Interference of traveling nondiffracting beams Opt. Lett. 1998 23 1871 1873 10.1364/OL.23.001871
Vasara A. Turunen J. Friberg A.T. Realization of general nondiffracting beams with computer-generated holograms J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 1989 6 1748 1754 10.1364/JOSAA.6.001748 2585173
Scott G. McArdle N. Efficient generation of nearly diffraction-free beams using an axicon Opt. Eng. 1992 31 2640 10.1117/12.60017
Chattrapiban N. Rogers E.A. Cofield D. Wendell T. Hill I. Roy R. Generation of nondiffracting Bessel beams by use of a spatial light modulator Opt. Lett. 2003 28 2183 2185 10.1364/OL.28.002183 14649935
Siviloglou G.A. Christodoulides D.N. Accelerating finite energy Airy beams Opt. Lett. 2007 32 979 981 10.1364/OL.32.000979
Siviloglou G.A. Broky J. Dogariu A. Christodoulides D.N. Observation of Accelerating Airy Beams Phys. Rev. Lett. 2007 99 213901 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.213901 18233219
Siviloglou G.A. Broky J. Dogariu A. Christodoulides D.N. Ballistic dynamics of Airy beams Opt. Lett. 2008 33 207 209 10.1364/OL.33.000207 18246130
Bandres M.A. Kaminer I. Mills M. Rodríguez-Lara B. Greenfield E. Segev M. Christodoulides D.N. Accelerating Optical Beam Opt. Photonics News 2013 24 30 37 10.1364/OPN.24.6.000030
Besieris I.M. Shaarawi A.M. A note on an accelerating finite energy Airy beam Opt. Lett. 2007 32 2447 2449 10.1364/OL.32.002447
Novitsky A.V. Novitsky D.V. Nonparaxial Airy beams: Role of evanescent waves Opt. Lett. 2009 34 3430 3432 10.1364/OL.34.003430
Mathis A. Courvoisier F. Froehly L. Furfaro L. Jacquot M. Lacourt P.A. Dudley J.M. Micromachining along a curve: Femtosecond laser micromachining of curved profiles in diamond and silicon using accelerating beams Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012 101 071110 10.1063/1.4745925
Chong A. Renninger W.H. Christodoulides D.N. Wise F.W. Airy-Bessel wave packets as versatile linear light bullets Nat. Photonics 2010 4 103 106 10.1038/nphoton.2009.264
Zhang P. Wang S. Liu Y. Yin X. Lu C. Chen Z. Zhang X. Plasmonic Airy beams with dynamically controlled trajectories Opt. Lett. 2011 36 3191 3193 10.1364/ol.36.003191 21847204
Minovich A. Klein A.E. Janunts N. Pertsch T. Neshev D.N. Kivshar Y.S. Generation and Near-Field Imaging of Airy Surface Plasmons Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011 107 116802 10.1103/physrevlett.107.116802
Polynkin P. Kolesik M. Moloney J.V. Siviloglou G.A. Christodoulides D.N. Curved Plasma Channel Generation Using Ultraintense Airy Beams Science 2009 324 229 232 10.1126/science.1169544
Ellenbogen T. Voloch-Bloch N. Ganany-Padowicz A. Arie A. Nonlinear generation and manipulation of Airy beams Nat. Photon. 2009 3 395 398 10.1038/nphoton.2009.95
Broky J. Siviloglou G.A. Dogariu A. Christodoulides D.N. Self-healing properties of optical Airy beams Opt. Express 2008 16 12880 12891 10.1364/oe.16.012880
Efremidis N.K. Airy trajectory engineering in dynamic linear index potentials Opt. Lett. 2011 36 3006 3008 10.1364/ol.36.003006 21808387
Efremidis N.K. Accelerating beam propagation in refractive-index potentials Phys. Rev. A 2014 89 023841 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.023841
Makris K.G. Kaminer I. El-Ganainy R. Efremidis N.K. Chen Z. Segev M. Christodoulides D.N. Accelerating diffraction-free beams in photonic lattices Opt. Lett. 2014 39 2129 2132 10.1364/OL.39.002129
Chávez-Cerda S. Ruiz U. Arrizón V. Moya-Cessa H.M. Generation of Airy solitary-like wave beams by acceleration control in inhomogeneous media Opt. Express 2011 19 16448 16454 10.1364/OE.19.016448
Diebel F. Bokić B.M. Boguslawski M. Piper A. Timotijević D.V. Jović D.M. Denz C. Control of Airy-beam self-acceleration by photonic lattices Phys. Rev. A 2014 90 033802 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.033802
Rose P. Diebel F. Boguslawski M. Denz C. Airy beam induced optical routing Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013 102 101101 10.1063/1.4793668
Bekenstein R. Segev M. Self-accelerating optical beams in highly nonlocal nonlinear media Opt. Express 2011 19 23706 23715 10.1364/OE.19.023706
Hu Y. Huang S. Zhang P. Lou C. Xu J. Chen Z. Persistence and breakdown of Airy beams driven by an initial nonlinearity Opt. Lett. 2010 35 3952 3954 10.1364/OL.35.003952
Driben R. Konotop V.V. Meier T. Coupled Airy breathers Opt. Lett. 2014 39 5523 5526 10.1364/OL.39.005523 25360918
Diebel F. Bokić B.M. Timotijević D.V. Savić D.M.J. Denz C. Soliton formation by decelerating interacting Airy beams Opt. Express 2015 23 24351 24361 10.1364/OE.23.024351
Zannotti A. Vasiljević J.M. Timotijević D.V. Savić D.M.J. Denz C. Morphing discrete diffraction in nonlinear Mathieu lattices Opt. Lett. 2019 44 1592 1595 10.1364/OL.44.001592
Zannotti A. Vasiljević J.M. Timotijević D.V. Jović Savić D.M. Denz C. Visualizing the Energy Flow of Tailored Light Adv. Opt. Mater. 2018 6 1701355 10.1002/adom.201701355
Vasiljević J.M. Zannotti A. Timotijević D.V. Denz C. Savić D.M.J. Light transport and localization in disordered aperiodic Mathieu lattices Opt. Lett. 2022 47 702 705 10.1364/OL.445779 35103712
Lakhtakia A. Selected Papers on Natural Optical Activity SPIE Bellingham, WA, USA 1990 Volume MS15
Allen L. Beijersbergen M.W. Spreeuw R.J.C. WoerdmanDurnin J.P. Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes Phys. Rev. A. 1992 45 8185 8189 10.1103/PhysRevA.45.8185 9906912
Rosales-Guzman C. Ndagano B. Forbes A. A review of complex vector light fields and their applications J. Opt. 2018 20 123001 10.1088/2040-8986/aaeb7d
Dholakia K. Lee W.M. Optical trapping takes shape: The use of structured light fields Adv. At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 2008 56 261 337 10.1016/s1049-250x(08)00015-3
Piccirillo B. Toscano C. Vetrano F. Santamato E. Orbital and Spin Photon Angular Momentum Transfer in Liquid Crystals Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001 86 2285 2288 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.2285 11289910
Babiker M. Bennett C. Andrews D.L. Dávila Romero L.C. Orbital Angular Momentum Exchange in the Interaction of Twisted Light with Molecules Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002 89 143601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.143601 12366045
Andrews D.L. Dávila Romero L.C. Babiker M. On optical vortex interactions with chiral matter Opt. Commun. 2004 237 133 139 10.1016/j.optcom.2004.03.093
Coles M. Andrews D.L. Chirality and angular momentum in optical radiation Phys. Rev. A 2012 85 063810 10.1103/PhysRevA.85.063810
Araoka F. Verbiest T. Clays K. Persoons A. Interactions of twisted light with chiral molecules: An experimental investigation Phys. Rev. A 2005 71 055401 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.055401
Loeffler W. Broer J.D. Woerdman P.J. Circular dichroism of cholesteric polymers and the orbital angular momentum of light Phys. Rev. A 2011 83 065801 10.1103/PhysRevA.83.065801
Brullot W. Vanbel K.M. Swusten T. Verbiest T. Resolving enantiomers using the optical angular momentum of twisted light Sci. Adv. 2016 2 e1501349 10.1126/sciadv.1501349 26998517
Forbes A.K. Andrews D.L. Optical orbital angular momentum: Twisted light and chirality Opt. Lett. 2018 43 435 438 10.1364/OL.43.000435
Forbes A.K. Andrews D.L. Spin-orbit interactions and chiroptical effects engaging orbital angular momentum of twisted light in chiral and achiral media Phys. Rev. A 2019 99 023837 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.023837
Ni J. Liu S. Hu G. Hu Y. Lao Z. Li J. Zhang Q. Wu D. Dong S. Chu J. et al. Giant helical dichroism of single chiral nanostructures with photonic orbital angular momentum ACS Nano 2021 15 2893 2900 10.1021/acsnano.0c08941
Ni J. Liu S. Lao Z. Wang Z. Huang K. Ji S. Li J. Huang Z. Xiong Q. Hu Y. et al. Gigantic vortical differential scattering as a monochromatic probe for multiscale chiral structures Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2021 118 e2020055118 10.1073/pnas.2020055118
Liu S. Ni J. Zhang C. Wang X. Cao Y. Wang D. Ji S. Pan D. Li R. Wu H. et al. Tailoring Optical Vortical Dichroism with Stereometamaterials Laser Photonics Rev. 2022 16 2100518 10.1002/lpor.202100518
Begin J.L. Jain A. Parks A. Hufnagel F. Corkum P. Karimi E. Brabec T. Bhardwaj R. Nonlinear helical dichroism in chiral and achiral molecules Nat. Photonics 2023 17 82 88 10.1038/s41566-022-01100-0
Gabor D. A New Microscopic Principle Nature 1948 161 777 778 10.1038/161777a0
Ruffato G. Rossi R. Massari M. Mafakheri E. Capaldo P. Romanato F. Design, fabrication and characterization of Computer Generated Holograms for anti-counterfeiting applications using OAM beams as light decoders Sci. Rep. 2017 7 18011 10.1038/s41598-017-18147-7
Ashley J. Bernal M.P. Burr G.W. Coufal H. Guenther H. Hoffnagle J.A. Jefferson C.M. Marcus B. MacFarlane R.M. Shelby R.M. et al. Holographic Data Storage Technology IBM J. Res. Dev. 2000 44 341 368 10.1147/rd.443.0341
Kosma K. Andrianakis M. Hatzigiannakis K. Tornari V. Digital holographic interferometry for cultural heritage structural diagnostics: A coherent and a low-coherence optical set-up for the study of a marquetry sample Strain 2018 54 e12263 10.1111/str.12263
Coppola G. Zito G. Luca A.C.D. Ferrara M.A. Polarized Digital Holography as Valuable Analytical Tool in Biological and Medical Research Proceedings of the Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging 2019 Paper Th4A.5 Optica Publishing Group Washington, DC, USA 2019 10.1364/dh.2019.th4a.5
Wang J. Liang Y. Generation and Detection of Structured Light: A Review Front. Phys. 2021 9 688284 10.3389/fphy.2021.688284
Hariharan P. Basics of Holography Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 2002 10.1017/cbo9780511755569
Stoykova E. Kang H. Park J. Twin-image problem in digital holography-a survey (Invited Paper) Chin. Opt. Lett. 2014 12 060013 10.3788/COL201412.060013
Tahara T. Lee Y. Ito Y. Xia P. Shimozato Y. Takahashi Y. Awatsuji Y. Nishio K. Ura S. Kubota T. et al. Superresolution of interference fringes in parallel four-step phase-shifting digital holography Opt. Lett. 2014 39 1673 1676 10.1364/OL.39.001673 24690866
Zhang X. Zhang J. Li Y. Zhou S. Liu D. Zhu J. Phase-shifting digital holography with vortex beam in one single exposure Optik 2019 185 1024 1029 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.03.013
Zhang X. Zhang J. Zhou S. Liu D. Zhu J. Single-shot phase-shifting digital holography with amplitude-only Fermat-spiral sieves Laser Phys. Lett. 2019 16 025002 10.1088/1612-202X/aaf802
Born M. Wolf E. Bhatia A.B. Clemmow P.C. Gabor D. Stokes A.R. Taylor A.M. Wayman P.A. Wilcock W.L. Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light 7th ed. Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 1999 10.1017/cbo9781139644181
Gustafsson M.G.L. Surpassing the lateral resolution limit by a factor of two using structured illumination microscopy J. Microsc. 2001 198 82 87 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2000.00710.x
Mudassar A.A. Hussain A. Super-resolution of active spatial frequency heterodyning using holographic approach Appl. Opt. 2010 49 3434 3441 10.1364/AO.49.003434
Gao P. Pedrini G. Osten W. Structured illumination for resolution enhancement and autofocusing in digital holographic microscopy Opt. Lett. 2013 38 1328 1330 10.1364/OL.38.001328 23595474
Shin S. Kim K. Yoon J. Park Y. Active illumination using a digital micromirror device for quantitative phase imaging Opt. Lett. 2015 40 5407 5410 10.1364/OL.40.005407 26565886
Ganjkhani Y. Charsooghi M.A. Akhlaghi E.A. Moradi A.R. Super-resolved Mirau digital holography by structured illumination Opt. Commun. 2017 404 110 117 10.1016/j.optcom.2017.05.061
Meng Z. Pedrini G. Lv X. Ma J. Nie S. Yuan C. DL-SI-DHM: A deep network generating the high-resolution phase and amplitude images from wide-field images Opt. Express 2021 29 19247 19261 10.1364/OE.424718 34266038
Ren H. Briere G. Fang X. Ni P. Sawant R. Héron S. Chenot S. Vézian S. Damilano B. Brändli V. et al. Metasurface orbital angular momentum holography Nat. Commun. 2019 10 2986 10.1038/s41467-019-11030-1 31324755
Ren H. Fang X. Jang J. Bürger J. Rho J. Maier S.A. Complex-amplitude metasurface-based orbital angular momentum holography in momentum space Nat. Nanotechnol. 2020 15 948 955 10.1038/s41565-020-0768-4 32958936
Fang X. Ren H. Gu M. Orbital angular momentum holography for high-security encryption Nat. Photonics 2020 14 101 108 10.1038/s41566-019-0560-x
Zhou H. Sain B. Wang Y. Schlickriede C. Zhao R. Zhang X. Wei Q. Li X. Huang L. Zentgraf T. Polarization-Encrypted Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexed Metasurface Holography ACS Nano 2020 14 5553 5559 10.1021/acsnano.9b09814 32348122
Trajtenberg-Mills S. Juwiler I. Arie A. On-axis shaping of second-harmonic beams Laser Photonics Rev. 2015 9 L40 L44 10.1002/lpor.201500154
Fang X. Yang H. Yao W. Wang T. Zhang Y. Gu M. Xiao M. High-dimensional orbital angular momentum multiplexing nonlinear holography Adv. Photonics 2021 3 015001 10.1117/1.AP.3.1.015001
Töpfer S. Basset M.G. Fuenzalida J. Steinlechner F. Torres J.P. Gräfe M. Quantum holography with undetected light Sci. Adv. 2022 8 eabl4301 10.1126/sciadv.abl4301
He L. Liu K. He Z. Cao L. Three-dimensional holographic communication system for the metaverse Opt. Commun. 2023 526 128894 10.1016/j.optcom.2022.128894
Aiello A. Töppel F. Marquardt C. Giacobino E. Leuchs G. Quantum-like nonseparable structures in optical beams New J. Phys. 2015 17 043024 10.1088/1367-2630/17/4/043024
Forbes A. Aiello A. Ndagano B. Classically entangled light Prog. Opt. 2019 64 99 153 10.1016/bs.po.2018.11.001
Goldstein D. Polarized Light, Revised and Expanded 2nd ed. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, NY, USA 2003 10.1201/9780203911587
Bengtsson I. Zyczkowski K. Geometry of Quantum States Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 2009 10.1017/cbo9780511535048
Padgett M.J. Courtial J. Poincaré-sphere equivalent for light beams containing orbital angular momentum Opt. Lett. 1999 24 430 432 10.1364/OL.24.000430
Milione G. Sztul H.I. Nolan D.A. Alfano R.R. Higher-order Poincaré sphere, Stokes parameters, and the angular momentum of light Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011 107 053601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.053601
Milione G. Evans S. Nolan D.A. Alfano R.R. Higher order Pancharatnam-Berry phase and the angular momentum of light Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012 108 190401 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.190401
Yang L.P. Geometric phase for twisted light Opt. Express 2023 31 10287 10296 10.1364/OE.476989
Gutiérrez-Cuevas R. Dennis M.R. Alonso M.A. Generalized Gaussian beams in terms of Jones vectors J. Opt. 2019 21 084001 10.1088/2040-8986/ab2c52
Dennis M.R. Alonso M.A. Gaussian mode families from systems of rays J. Phys. Photonics 2019 1 025003 10.1088/2515-7647/ab011d
Gutiérrez-Cuevas R. Wadood S.A. Vamivakas A.N. Alonso M.A. Modal Majorana sphere and hidden symmetries of structured-Gaussian beams Phys. Rev. Lett. 2020 125 123903 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.123903 33016748
Shen Y. Wang Z. Fu X. Naidoo D. Forbes A. SU(2) Poincaré sphere: A generalized representation for multidimensional structured light Phys. Rev. A 2020 102 031501(R) 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.031501
Shen Y. Rays, waves, SU(2) symmetry and geometry: Toolkits for structured light J. Opt. 2021 23 124004 10.1088/2040-8986/ac3676
Zhang H. Zeng J. Lu X. Wang Z. Zhao C. Cai Y. Review on fractional vortex beam Nanophotonics 2022 11 241 273 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0616
Götte J.B. Franke-Arnold S. Zambrini R. Barnett S.M. Quantum formulation of fractional orbital angular momentum J. Mod. Opt. 2007 54 1723 1738 10.1080/09500340601156827
Oemrawsingh S.S.R. Ma X. Voigt D. Aiello A. Eliel E.R. ’t Hooft G.W. Woerdman J.P. Experimental demonstration of fractional orbital angular momentum Entanglement of two photons Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005 95 240501 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.240501 16384361
Sit A. Bouchard F. Fickler R. Gagnon-Bischoff J. Larocque H. Heshami K. Elser D. Peuntinger C. Günthner K. Heim B. et al. High-dimensional intracity quantum cryptography with structured photons Optica 2017 4 1006 1010 10.1364/OPTICA.4.001006
Bouchard F. Fickler R. Boyd R.W. Karimi E. High-dimensional quantum cloning and applications to quantum hacking Sci. Adv. 2017 3 e1601915 10.1126/sciadv.1601915
Ndagano B. Perez-Garcia B. Roux F.S. McLaren M. Rosales-Guzman C. Zhang Y. Mouane O. Hernandez-Aranda R.I. Konrad T. Forbes A. Characterizing quantum channels with non-separable states of classical light Nat. Phys. 2017 13 397 402 10.1038/nphys4003
Nape I. Singh K. Klug A. Buono W. Rosales-Guzman C. McWilliam A. Franke-Arnold S. Kritzinger A. Forbes P. Dudley A. et al. Revealing the invariance of vectorial structured light in complex media Nat. Photonics 2022 16 538 546 10.1038/s41566-022-01023-w
Sekga C. Mafu M. Measurement device-independent quantum key distribution with vector vortex modes under diverse weather conditions Sci. Rep. 2023 13 14931 10.1038/s41598-023-40602-x 37696938
Klug A. Peters C. Forbes A. Robust structured light in atmospheric turbulence Adv. Photonics 2023 5 016006 10.1117/1.AP.5.1.016006
Bai X. Wang Y. Dai K. Classification of 270 classes of vector vortex beams using Machine learning-based methods Optik 2023 291 171362 10.1016/j.ijleo.2023.171362
Mair A. Vaziri A. Weihs G. Zeilinger A. Entanglement of the orbital angular momentum states of photons Science 2001 412 313 316 10.1887/0750309016/b1142c50
Khoury A.Z. Souto Ribeiro P.H. Dechoum K. Transfer of angular spectrum in parametric down-conversion with structured light Phys. Rev. A 2020 102 033708 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.033708
Trajtenberg-Mills S. Karnieli A. Voloch-Bloch N. Megidish E. Eisenberg H.S. Arie A. Simulating correlations of structured spontaneously down-converted photon pairs Laser Photonics Rev. 2020 14 1900321 10.1002/lpor.201900321
Rodrigues R.B. Alves G.B. Barros R.F. Souza C.E.R. Khoury A.Z. Generalized orbital angular momentum symmetry in parametric amplification Phys. Rev. A 2022 105 013510 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.013510
Pinheiro da Silva B. Buono W.T. Pereira L.J. Tasca D.S. Dechoum K. Khoury A.Z. Spin to orbital angular momentum transfer in frequency up-conversion Nanophotonics 2022 11 771 778 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0493
Buono W.T. Forbes A. Nonlinear optics with structured light Opto-Electron. Adv. 2022 5 210174 10.29026/oea.2022.210174
Maruca S. Kumar S. Meng Sua Y. Chen J.Y. Shahverdi A. Huang Y.P. Quantum Airy photons J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 2018 51 175501 10.1088/1361-6455/aacac5
Lib O. Bromberg Y. Spatially entangled Airy photons Opt. Lett. 2020 45 1399 1402 10.1364/OL.388692 32163976
Gréblacher S. Jennewein T. Vaziri A. Weihs G. Zeilinger A. Experimental quantum cryptography with qutrits New J. Phys. 2006 8 75 10.1088/1367-2630/8/5/075
Mirhosseini M. Magaña-Loaiza O.S. O’Sullivan M.N. Rodenburg B. Malik M. Lavery M.P.J. Padgett M.J. Gauthier D.J. Boyd R.W. High-dimensional quantum cryptography with twisted light New J. Phys. 2015 17 033033 10.1088/1367-2630/17/3/033033
Mafu M. Dudley A. Goyal S. Giovannini D. McLaren M. Padgett M.J. Konrad T. Petruccione F. Lütkenhaus N. Forbes A. Higher-dimensional orbital-angular-momentum-based quantum key distribution with mutually unbiased bases Phys. Rev. A 2013 88 032305 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.032305
Fickler R. Lapkiewicz R. Plick W.N. Krenn M. Schaeff C. Ramelow S. Zeilinger A. Quantum Entanglement of High Angular Momenta Science 2012 338 640 643 10.1126/science.1227193 23118185
Fickler R. Campbell G. Buchlerd B. Lamd P.K. Zeilinger A. Quantum entanglement of angular momentum states with quantum numbers up to 10,010 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2016 113 13642 13647 10.1073/pnas.1616889113
Stav T. Faerman A. Maguid E. Oren D. Kleiner V. Hasman E. Segev M. Quantum entanglement of the spin and orbital angular momentum of photons using metamaterials Science 2018 361 1101 1104 10.1126/science.aat9042
Nagali E. Sciarrino F. Generation of hybrid polarization-orbital angular momentum entangled states Opt. Express 2010 18 18243 10.1364/OE.18.018243
Shen Y. Rosales-Guzmán C. Nonseparable states of light: From quantum to classical Laser Photonics Rev. 2022 16 2100533 10.1002/lpor.202100533
Graffitti F. D’Ambrosio V. Proietti M. Ho J. Piccirillo B. de Lisio C. Marrucci L. Fedrizzi A. Hyperentanglement in structured quantum light Phys. Rev. Res. 2020 2 043350 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043350
Chen J. Qi G.z. Wu Y. Shi Y. Zhao C.l. Jin S.z. Partially coherent twisted vector vortex beam enabling manipulation of high-dimensional classical entanglement Opt. Express 2023 31 38305 10.1364/OE.504269 38017939
Wang J. Tie X. Tan Z. Wang X. Lei S. Wu P. Recognizing OAM Modes of Electromagnetic Laguerre-Gaussian Schell-Model Vortex Beams in Atmospheric Turbulence from Polarization Adv. Quantum Technol. 2023 6 2300233 10.1002/qute.202300233
Hai L. Zhang Z. Liu S. Li L. Zhou Z. Wang Q. Gao Y. Gao C. Shen Y. Fu S. Intra-Cavity Laser Manipulation of High-Dimensional Non-Separable States Laser Photonics Rev. 2024 18 2300593 10.1002/lpor.202300593
Kopf L. Barros R. Fickler R. Correlating Space, Wavelength, and Polarization of Light: Spatiospectral Vector Beams ACS Photonics 2024 11 241 246 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01322
Malik M. Erhard M. Huber M. Krenn M. Fickler R. Zeilinger A. Multi-photon entanglement in high dimensions Nat. Photon. 2016 10 248 252 10.1038/nphoton.2016.12
Wang X.L. Luo Y.H. Huang H.L. Chen M.C. Su Z.E. Liu C. Chen C. Li W. Fang Y.Q. Jiang X. et al. 18-Qubit entanglement with six photons’ three degrees of freedom Phys. Rev. Lett. 2018 120 260502 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.260502 30004724
Krenn M. Huber M. Fickler R. Lapkiewicz R. Ramelowa S. Zeilinger A. Generation and confirmation of a (100 × 100)-dimensional entangled quantum system Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2014 111 6243 6247 10.1073/pnas.1402365111 24706902
Forbes A. Nape I. Quantum mechanics with patterns of light: Progress in high dimensional and multidimensional entanglement with structured light AVS Quantum Sci. 2019 1 011701 10.1116/1.5112027
Gao X. Zhang Y. D’Errico A. Sit A. Heshami K. Karimi E. Full Spatial Characterization of Entangled Structured Photons Phys. Rev. Lett. 2024 132 063802 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.063802 38394568
Peters C. Ornelas P. Nape I. Forbes A. Spatially resolving classical and quantum entanglement with structured photons Phys. Rev. A 2023 108 053502 10.1103/PhysRevA.108.053502
Ye Y.H. Zeng L. Dong M.X. Zhang W.H. Li E.Z. Li D.C. Guo G.C. Ding D.S. Shi B.S. Long-lived memory for orbital angular momentum quantum states Phys. Rev. Lett. 2022 129 193601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.193601
Zhou Z.Q. Hua Y.L. Liu X. Chen G. Xu J.S. Han Y.J. Li C.F. Guo G.C. Quantum storage of three-dimensional orbital-angular-momentum entanglement in a crystal Phys. Rev. Lett. 2015 115 070502 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.070502
Fickler R. Lapkiewicz R. Huber M. Lavery M.P.J. Padgett M.J. Zeilinger A. Interface between path and orbital angular momentum entanglement for high-dimensional photonic quantum information Nat. Commun. 2014 5 4502 10.1038/ncomms5502
Huang Y. Li Y. Qi Z. Feng J. Zheng Y. Chen X. A two-way photonic quantum entanglement transfer interface Npj Quantum Inf. 2022 8 8 10.1038/s41534-022-00519-1
Cozzolino D. Bacco D. Da Lio B. Ingerslev K. Ding Y. Dalgaard K. Kristensen P. Galili M. Rottwitt K. Ramachandran S. et al. Orbital angular momentum states enabling fiber-based high-dimensional quantum communication Phys. Rev. Appl. 2019 11 064058 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.064058
Qiu X. Zhang D. Zhang W. Chen L. Structured-pump-enabled quantum pattern recognition Phys. Rev. Lett. 2019 122 123901 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.123901
Uribe-Patarroyo N. Fraine A. Simon D.S. Minaeva O. Sergienko A.V. Object identification using correlated orbital angular momentum states Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013 110 043601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.043601
Franke-Arnold S. Optical angular momentum and atoms Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 2017 375 20150435 10.1098/rsta.2015.0435
Barnett S.M. Speirits F.C. Babiker M. Optical angular momentum in atomic transitions: A paradox J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 2022 55 234008 10.1088/1751-8121/ac6bd1
Schmiegelow C.T. Schulz J. Kaufmann H. Ruster T. Poschinger U.G. Schmidt-Kaler F. Transfer of optical orbital angular momentum to a bound electron Nat. Commun. 2016 7 12998 10.1038/ncomms12998
Picón A. Benseny A. Mompart J. Vázquez de Aldana J.R. Plaja L. Calvo G.F. Roso L. Transferring orbital and spin angular momenta of light to atoms New J. Phys. 2010 12 083053 10.1088/1367-2630/12/8/083053
Barnett S.M. Berry M.V. Superweak momentum transfer near optical vortices J. Opt. 2013 15 125701 10.1088/2040-8978/15/12/125701
Afanasev A. Carlson C.E. Mukherjee A. Superkicks and the photon angular and linear momentum density Phys. Rev. A 2022 105 L061503 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.L061503
Sola I.R. Malinovsky V.S. Ahn J. Shin S. Chang B.Y. Two-qubit atomic gates: Spatio-temporal control of Rydberg interaction Nanoscale 2023 15 4325 10.1039/D2NR04964C
Ishihara J. Mori T. Suzuki T. Sato S. Morita K. Kohda M. Ohno Y. Miyajima K. Imprinting spatial helicity structure of vector vortex beam on spin texture in semiconductors Phys. Rev. Lett. 2023 130 126701 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.126701
Andersen M.F. Ryu C. Cladé P. Natarajan V. Vaziri A. Helmerson K. Phillips W.D. Quantized Rotation of Atoms from Photons with Orbital Angular Momentum Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006 97 170406 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.170406
Wright K.C. Leslie L.S. Bigelow N.P. Optical control of the internal and external angular momentum of a Bose-Einstein condensate Phys. Rev. A 2008 77 041601 10.1103/PhysRevA.77.041601
Trawi F. Billard F. Faucher O. Béjot P. Hertz E. Molecular Quantum Interface for Storing and Manipulating Ultrashort Optical Vortex Laser Photonics Rev. 2023 17 2200525 10.1002/lpor.202200525
Verde M. Schmiegelow C.T. Poschinger U. Schmidt-Kaler F. Trapped atoms in spatially-structured vector light fields Sci. Rep. 2023 13 21283 10.1038/s41598-023-48589-1
Chen Y. Zhou Y. Li M. Liu K. Ciappina M.F. Lu P. Atomic photoionization by spatiotemporal optical vortex pulses Phys. Rev. A 2023 107 033112 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.033112
Berry M.V. Dennis M.R. Quantum cores of optical phase singularities J. Opt. A Pure Appl. Opt. 2004 6 S178 S180 10.1088/1464-4258/6/5/006
Barnett S.M. On the quantum core of an optical vortex J. Mod. Opt. 2014 55 2279 2292 10.1080/09500340802082442
Simpson N.B. Dholakia K. Allen L. Padgett M.J. Mechanical equivalence of spin and orbital angular momentum of light: An optical spanner Opt. Lett. 1997 22 52 54 10.1364/OL.22.000052 18183100
Friese M.E.J. Enger J. Rubinsztein-Dunlop H. Heckenberg N.R. Optical angular-momentum transfer to trapped absorbing particles Phys. Rev. A 1996 54 1593 1596 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1593
O’Neil A.T. MacVicar I. Allen L. J P.M. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Nature of the Orbital Angular Momentum of a Light Beam Phys. Rev. Lett. 2002 88 053601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.053601 11863722
Curtis J. Grier D. Structure of optical vortices Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003 90 133901 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.133901 12689289
Garcés-Chávez V. McGloin D. Padgett M.J. Dultz W. Schmitzer H. Dholakia K. Observation of the Transfer of the Local Angular Momentum Density of a Multiringed Light Beam to an Optically Trapped Particle Phys. Rev. Lett. 2003 91 103601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.093602
Li M. Yan S. Yao B. Liang Y. Zhang P. Spinning and orbiting motion of particles in vortex beams with circular or radial polarizations Opt. Express 2016 24 20604 20612 10.1364/OE.24.020604
Babiker M. Andrews D.L. Lembessis V.E. Atoms in complex twisted light J. Opt. 2019 21 013001 10.1088/2040-8986/aaed14
Ng J. Lin Z. Chan C.T. Theory of Optical Trapping by an Optical Vortex Beam Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010 104 103601 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.103601 20366423
Yang Y. Ren Y.X. Chen M. Arita Y. Rosales-Guzmán C. Optical trapping with structured light: A review Adv. Photonics 2021 3 034001 10.1117/1.AP.3.3.034001
Li M. Yan S. Zhang Y. Zhou Y. Yao B. Orbital angular momentum in optical manipulations J. Opt. 2022 24 114001 10.1088/2040-8986/ac9192
Padgett M. Bowman R. Tweezers with a twist Nat. Photonics 2011 5 243 248 10.1038/nphoton.2011.81
Stickler B.A. Hornberger K. Kim M.S. Quantum rotations of nanoparticles Nat. Rev. 2021 3 589 597 10.1038/s42254-021-00335-0
Stickler B.A. Papendell B. Kuhn S. Schrinski B. Millen J. Arndt M. Hornberger K. Probing macroscopic quantum superpositions with nanorotors New J. Phys. 2018 20 122001 10.1088/1367-2630/aaece4
Zhao R. Manjavacas A. García de Abajo F.J. Pendry J.B. Rotational Quantum Friction Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012 109 123604 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.123604
Wood A.A. Hollenberg L.C.L. Scholten R.E. Martin A.M. Observation of a Quantum Phase from Classical Rotation of a Single Spin Phys. Rev. Lett. 2020 124 020401 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.020401 32004025
Hu Y. Kingsley-Smith J.J. Nikkhou1 M. Sabin J.A. Rodríguez-Fortuño F.J. Xu X. Millen J. Structured transverse orbital angular momentum probed by a levitated optomechanical sensor Nat. Commun. 2023 14 2638 10.1038/s41467-023-38261-7
Li C. Jang J. Badloe T. Yang T. Kim J. Kim J. Nguyen M. Maier S.A. Rho J. Ren H. et al. Arbitrarily structured quantum emission with a multifunctional metalens eLight 2023 3 19 10.1186/s43593-023-00052-4
Liang H. Ahmed H. Tam W.Y. Chen X. Li J. Continuous heralding control of vortex beams using quantum metasurface Commun. Phys. 2023 6 140 10.1038/s42005-023-01262-5
Liu X. Kan Y. Kumar S. Kulikova L.F. Davydov V.A. Agafonov V.N. Zhao C. Bozhevolnyi S.I. Ultracompact Single-Photon Sources of Linearly Polarized Vortex Beams Adv. Mater. 2024 36 2304495 10.1002/adma.202304495
Li Z. Guo H. Liu H. Li J. Sun H. Yang R. Liu K. Gao J. Higher-order spatially squeezed beam for enhanced spatial measurements Adv. Quantum Technol. 2022 5 2200055 10.1002/qute.202200055
Heinze J. Willke B. Vahlbruch H. Observation of squeezed states of light in higher-order Hermite-Gaussian modes with a quantum noise reduction of up to 10 dB Phys. Rev. Lett. 2022 128 083606 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.083606
Goldberg A.Z. de la Hoz P. Björk G. Klimov A.B. Grassl M. Leuchs G. Sánchez-Soto L.L. Quantum concepts in optical polarization Adv. Opt. Photonics 2021 13 1 73 10.1364/AOP.404175
Yang L.P. Jacob Z. Non-classical photonic spin texture of quantum structured light Commun. Phys. 2021 4 221 10.1038/s42005-021-00726-w
Andrews D.L. Symmetry and quantum features in optical vortices Symmetry 2021 13 1368 10.3390/sym13081368
Williams M.D. Bradshaw D.S. Andrews D.L. Quantum issues with structured light Proc. SPIE 2016 9764 976407 10.1117/12.2214946
Smith B.J. Raymer M.G. Photon wave functions, wave-packet quantization of light, and coherence theory New J. Phys. 2007 9 414 10.1088/1367-2630/9/11/414
Bialynicki-Birula I. Bialynicka-Birula Z. Quantum numbers and spectra of structured light Phys. Scr. 2018 93 104005 10.1088/1402-4896/aadbfe
Bialynicki-Birula I. Helicity amplitudes, polarization of EM waves and Stokes parameters: Classical versus quantum theory J. Opt. 2019 21 094002 10.1088/2040-8986/ab3380
Nienhuis G. Analogies between optical and quantum mechanical angular momentum Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 2017 375 20150443 10.1098/rsta.2015.0443
Sugic D. Droop R. Otte E. Ehrmanntraut D. Nori F. Ruostekoski J. Denz C. Dennis M.R. Particle-like topologies in light Nat. Commun. 2021 12 6785 10.1038/s41467-021-26171-5 34811373
Shen Y. Zhang Q. Shi P. Du L. Yuan X. Zayats A.V. Optical skyrmions and other topological quasiparticles of light Nat. Photon. 2024 18 15 25 10.1038/s41566-023-01325-7
Tamburini F. Thidé B. Licata I. Bouchard F. Karimi E. Majorana bosonic quasiparticles from twisted photons in free space Phys. Rev. A 2021 103 033505 10.1103/PhysRevA.103.033505
Li Z.X. Ruan Y.P. Tang J. Liu Y. Liu J.J. Tang J.S. Zhang H. Xia K.Y. Lu Y.Q. Self-healing of a heralded single-photon Airy beam Opt. Express 2021 29 40187 10.1364/OE.441697
Nape I. Otte E. Vallés A. Rosales-Guzmán C. Cardano F. Denz C. Forbes A. Self-healing high-dimensional quantum key distribution using hybrid spin-orbit Bessel states Opt. Express 2018 26 26946 10.1364/OE.26.026946
McLaren M. Mhlanga T. Padgett M.J. Roux F.S. Forbes A. Self-healing of quantum entanglement after an obstruction Nat. Commun. 2014 5 3248 10.1038/ncomms4248
Yang D. Yu Z. Wang W. Hu Z.D. Zhu Y. Underwater entanglement propagation of auto-focusing Airy beams Opt. Express 2024 32 4887 10.1364/OE.510758
Giovannini D. Romero J. Potoček V. Ferenczi G. Speirits F. Barnett S.M. Faccio D. Padgett M.J. Spatially structured photons that travel in free space slower than the speed of light Science 2015 347 857 860 10.1126/science.aaa3035
Petrov N.I. Speed of structured light pulses in free space Sci. Rep. 2019 9 18332 10.1038/s41598-019-54921-5
Silenko A.J. Zhang P. Zou L. Relativistic quantum-mechanical description of twisted paraxial electron and photon beams Phys. Rev. A 2019 100 030101(R) 10.1103/PhysRevA.100.030101
Shen Y. Nape I. Yang X. Fu X. Gong M. Naidoo D. Forbes A. Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light Light Sci. Appl. 2021 10 50 10.1038/s41377-021-00493-x 33686054
Wan Z. Wang Z. Yang X. Shen Y. Fu X. Digitally tailoring arbitrary structured light of generalized ray-wave duality Opt. Express 2020 28 31043 10.1364/OE.400587 33115088
Shen Y. Zdagkas A. Papasimakis N. Zheludev N.I. Measures of space-time nonseparability of electromagnetic pulses Phys. Rev. Res. 2021 3 013236 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013236
Gomes R.M. Salles A. Toscano F. Souto Ribeiro P.H. Walborn S.P. Observation of a nonlocal optical vortex Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009 103 033602 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.033602
Qi W.R. Liu R. Kong L.J. Wang Z.X. Huang S.Y. Tu C. Li Y. Wang H.T. Double-slit interference of single twisted photons Chin. Opt. Lett. 2020 18 102601 10.3788/COL202018.102601
Aili M. Liu P. Chen X.X. Wu Q.Y. Meng Z. Yang J.Z. Li J. Zhang A.N. Double-slit experiment with multiple vortex beams Phys. Rev. A 2024 109 013521 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.013521
Franke-Arnold S. Barnett S.M. Yao E. Leach J. Courtial J. Padgett M. Uncertainty principle for angular position and angular momentum New J. Phys. 2004 6 103 10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/103
Gounden N. Epstein J. Ornelas P. Beck G. Nape I. Forbes A. Popper’s conjecture with angular slits and twisted light Sci. Rep. 2023 13 21701 10.1038/s41598-023-48915-7
Nape I. Ndagano B. Forbes A. Erasing the orbital angular momentum information of a photon Phys. Rev. A 2017 95 053859 10.1103/PhysRevA.95.053859
Zhang Y. Agnew M. Roger T. Roux F.S. Konrad T. Faccio D. Leach J. Forbes A. Simultaneous entanglement swapping of multiple orbital angular momentum states of light Nat. Commun. 2017 8 632 10.1038/s41467-017-00706-1
Liu S. Lou Y. Jing J. Orbital angular momentum multiplexed deterministic all-optical quantum teleportation Nat. Commun. 2020 11 3875 10.1038/s41467-020-17616-4
Wang X.L. Cai X.D. Su Z.E. Chen M.C. Wu D. Li L. Liu N.L. Lu C.Y. Pan J.W. Quantum teleportation of multiple degrees of freedom of a single photon Nature 2015 518 516 519 10.1038/nature14246 25719668
Zhang Y. Roux F.S. Konrad T. Agnew M. Leach J. Forbes A. Engineering two-photon high-dimensional states through quantum interference Sci. Adv. 2016 2 e1501165 10.1126/sciadv.1501165
Kevin S. Sahrai M. Asadpour S.H. Controllable Hartman effect by vortex beam in a one dimensional photonic crystal doped by graphene quantum dots Sci. Rep. 2023 13 2992 10.1038/s41598-023-29891-4
Leach J. Jack B. Romero J. Ritsch-Marte M. Boyd R.W. Jha A.K. Barnett S.M. Franke-Arnold S. Padgett M.J. Violation of a Bell inequality in two-dimensional orbital angular momentum state-spaces Opt. Express 2009 17 8287 8293 10.1364/OE.17.008287
Romero J. Leach J. Jack B. Barnett S.M. Padgett M.J. Franke-Arnold S. Violation of Leggett inequalities in orbital angular momentum subspaces New J. Phys. 2010 12 123007 10.1088/1367-2630/12/12/123007
Dada A. Leach J. Buller G.S. Padgett M.J. Andersson E. Experimental high-dimensional two-photon entanglement and violations of generalized Bell inequalities Nat. Phys. 2011 7 677 680 10.1038/nphys1996
Tang Y. Perrie W. Schille J. Loeschner U. Li Q. Liu D. Edwardson S.P. Forbes A. Dearden G. High-quality vector vortex arrays by holographic and geometric phase control J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 2020 53 465101 10.1088/1361-6463/ab9d9b
Qi W.R. Zhou J. Kong L.J. Xu Z.P. Meng H.X. Liu R. Wang Z.X. Tu C. Li Y.L. Cabello A. et al. Stronger Hardy-like proof of quantum contextuality Photonics Res. 2022 10 1582 1593 10.1364/PRJ.452704
Karimi E. Leach J. Slussarenko S. Piccirillo B. Marrucci L. Chen L. She W. Franke-Arnold S. Padgett M.J. Santamato E. Spin-orbit hybrid entanglement of photons and quantum contextuality Phys. Rev. A 2010 82 022115 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.022115
Xu J.M. Zhen Y.Z. Yang Y.X. Cheng Z.M. Ren Z.C. Chen K. Wang X.L. Wang H.T. Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Pseudotelepathy Phys. Rev. Lett. 2022 129 050402 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.050402
Leach J. Jack B. Romero J. Jha A.K. Yao A.M. Franke-Arnold S. Ireland D.G. Boyd R.W. Barnett S.M. Padgett M.J. Quantum correlations in optical angle-orbital angular momentum variables Science 2010 329 662 665 10.1126/science.1190523 20689014
Slussarenko S. Joch D.J. Tischler N. Ghafari F. Shalm L.K. Verma V.B. Nam S.W. Pryde G.J. Quantum steering with vector vortex photon states with the detection loophole closed Npj Quantum Inf. 2022 8 20 10.1038/s41534-022-00531-5
Stoklasa B. Motka L. Rehacek J. Hradil Z. Sánchez-Soto L.L. Agarwal G.S. Experimental violation of a Bell-like inequality with optical vortex beams New J. Phys. 2015 17 113046 10.1088/1367-2630/17/11/113046
González-Domínguez M.A. Piceno-Martínez A.E. Rosales-Zárate L.E.C. Nonlocality and quantum correlations in Ince-Gauss structured light modes J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2023 40 881 10.1364/JOSAB.482580
Prevedel R. Cronenberg G. Tame M.S. Paternostro M. Walther P. Kim M.S. Zeilinger A. Experimental realization of Dicke states of up to six qubits for multiparty quantum networking Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009 103 020503 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.020503
Erhard M. Malik M. Krenn M. Zeilinger A. Experimental Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement beyond qubits Nat. Photon 2018 12 759 764 10.1038/s41566-018-0257-6
Wang F. Erhard M. Babazadeh A. Malik M. Krenn M. Zeilinger A. Generation of the complete four-dimensional Bell basis Optica 2017 4 1462 10.1364/OPTICA.4.001462
Kong L.J. Li Y. Liu R. Qi W.R. Wang Q. Wang Z.X. Huang S.Y. Si Y. Tu C. Hu W. et al. Complete measurement and multiplexing of orbital angular momentum Bell states Phys. Rev. A 2019 100 023822 10.1103/PhysRevA.100.023822
Wang Y. Ru S. Wang F. Zhang P. Li F. Experimental demonstration of efficient high-dimensional quantum gates with orbital angular momentum Quantum Sci. Technol. 2022 7 015016 10.1088/2058-9565/ac3c19
Babazadeh A. Erhard M. Wang F. Malik M. Nouroozi R. Krenn M. Zeilinger A. High-dimensional single-photon quantum gates: Concepts and experiments Phys. Rev. Lett. 2017 119 180510 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.180510 29219590
Vashukevich E.A. Bashmakova E.N. Golubeva T.Y. Golubev Y.M. High-fidelity quantum gates for OAM single qudits on quantum memory Laser Phys. Lett. 2022 19 025202 10.1088/1612-202X/ac45b2
Bashmakova E.N. Vashukevich E.A. Golubeva T.Y. Parallel multi-two-qubit swap gate via quantum nondemolition interaction of orbital-angular-momentum light and an atomic ensemble Phys. Rev. A 2024 109 012428 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.012428
Nape I. Sephton B. Ornelas P. Moodley C. Forbes A. Quantum structured light in high dimensions APL Photonics 2023 8 051101 10.1063/5.0138224
Eriksson M. Goldberg A. Hiekkamäki M. Bouchard F. Rehacek J. Hradil Z. Leuchs G. Fickler R. Sánchez-Soto L. Sensing Rotations with Multiplane Light Conversion Phys. Rev. Appl. 2023 20 024052 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.024052
Jayaseelan M. Murphree J.D. Schultz J.T. Ruostekoski J. Bigelow N.P. Topological atom optics and beyond with knotted quantum wavefunctions Commun Phys 2024 7 7 10.1038/s42005-023-01499-0
Aharonov Y. Albert D.Z. Vaidman L. How the result of a measurement of a component of the spin of a spin-1/2 particle can turn out to be 100 Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988 60 1351 1354 10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1351
Dressel J. Malik M. Miatto F.M. Jordan A.N. Boyd R.W. Colloquium: Understanding quantum weak values: Basics and applications Rev. Mod. Phys. 2013 86 307 316 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.307
Forbes A. Structured light from lasers Laser Photonics Rev. 2019 13 1900140 10.1002/lpor.201900140
Resch K.J. Lundeen J.S. Steinberg A.M. Experimental realization of the quantum box problem Phys. Lett. 2004 324 125 131 10.1016/j.physleta.2004.02.042
Ashby J.M. Schwarz P.D. Schlosshauer M. Observation of the quantum paradox of separation of a single photon from one of its properties Phys. Rev. A 2016 94 012102 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.012102
Kumar Pan A. Disembodiment of arbitrary number of properties in quantum Cheshire cat experiment Eur. Phys. J. D 2020 74 151 10.1140/epjd/e2020-10246-9
Kocsis S. Braverman B. Ravets S. Stevens M.J. Mirin R.P. Shalm L.K. Steinberg A.M. Observing the average trajectories of single photons in a two-slit interferometer Science 2011 332 1170 1173 10.1126/science.1202218
Bliokh K.Y. Bekshaev A.Y. Kofman A.G. Nori F. Photon trajectories, anomalous velocities and weak measurements: A classical interpretation New J. Phys. 2013 15 073022 10.1088/1367-2630/15/7/073022
Li Y. Ren Z.C. Kong L.J. Tu C. Wang H.T. Trajectory-based unveiling of the angular momentum of photons Phys. Rev. A 2017 95 043830 10.1103/PhysRevA.95.043830
Berry M.V. Optical currents J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 2009 11 094001 10.1088/1464-4258/11/9/094001
Berry M.V. Quantum backflow, negative kinetic energy, and optical retro-propagation J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 2010 43 415302 10.1088/1751-8113/43/41/415302
Ghosh B. Daniel A. Gorzkowski B. Lapkiewicz R. Azimuthal backflow in light carrying orbital angular momentum Optica 2023 10 1217 10.1364/OPTICA.495710
Lundeen J.S. Sutherland B. Patel A. Stewart C. Bamber C. Direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction Nature 2011 474 188 191 10.1038/nature10120 21654800
Malik M. Mirhosseini M. Lavery M.P.J. Leach J. Padgett M.J. Boyd R.W. Direct measurement of a 27-dimensional orbital-angular-momentum state vector Nat. Commun. 2014 5 3115 10.1038/ncomms4115
Shi Z. Mirhosseini M. Margiewicz J. Malik M. Rivera F. Zhu Z. Boyd R.W. Scan-free direct measurement of an extremely high-dimensional photonic state Optica 2015 2 388 392 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000388
Mirhosseini M. Lundeen J.S. Boyd R.W. Direct measurement of the photon’s spatial wave function Quantum Photonics: Pioneering Advances and Emerging Applications Springer Nature Switzerland AG Cham, Switzerland 2019 25 49 10.1007/978-3-319-98402-5_2
Zhang C.R. Hu M.J. Hou Z.B. Tang J.F. Zhu J. Xiang G.Y. Li C.F. Guo G.C. Zhang Y.S. Direct measurement of the two-dimensional spatial quantum wave function via strong measurements Phys. Rev. A 2020 101 012119 10.1103/PhysRevA.101.012119
Zhang C.R. Hu M.J. Xiang G.Y. Zhang Y.S. Li C.F. Guo G.C. Direct strong measurement of a high-dimensional quantum state Chin. Phys. Lett. 2020 37 080301 10.1088/0256-307x/37/8/080301
Yang M. Xiao Y. Liao Y.W. Liu Z.H. Xu X.Y. Xu J.S. Li C.F. Guo G.C. Zonal reconstruction of photonic wavefunction via momentum weak measurement Laser Photonics Rev. 2020 14 1900251 10.1002/lpor.201900251
de Lima Bernardo B. Azevedo S. Rosas A. Simplified algebraic description of weak measurements with Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian pointer states Opt. Commun. 2014 331 194 197 10.1016/j.optcom.2014.06.008
Turek Y. Kobayashi H. Akutsu T. Sun C.P. Shikano Y. Post-selected von Neumann measurement with Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian pointer states New J. Phys. 2015 17 083029 10.1088/1367-2630/17/8/083029
Kobayashi H. Nonaka K. Shikano Y. Stereographical visualization of a polarization state using weak measurements with an optical-vortex beam Phys. Rev. A 2014 89 053816 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.053816
Tukiainen M. Kobayashi H. Shikano Y. Quantification of concurrence via weak measurement Phys. Rev. A 2017 95 052301 10.1103/PhysRevA.95.052301
Xia B. Huang J. Li H. Liu M. Xiao T. Chen F. Zeng G. Ultrasensitive measurement of angular rotations via a Hermite-Gaussian pointer Photonics Res. 2022 10 2816 2827 10.1364/PRJ.473699
Xia B. Huang J. Fang C. Li H. Zeng G. High-precision multiparameter weak measurement with Hermite-Gaussian pointer Phys. Rev. Appl. 2020 13 034023 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.034023
Magaña-Loaiza O.S. Mirhosseini M. Rodenburg B. Boyd R.W. Amplification of angular rotations using weak measurements Phys. Rev. Lett. 2014 112 200401 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.200401
Resch K.J. Steinberg A.M. Extracting joint weak values with local, single-particle measurements Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004 92 130402 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.130402
Kobayashi H. Puentes G. Shikano Y. Extracting joint weak values from two-dimensional spatial displacements Phys. Rev. A 2012 86 053805 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.053805
Zhu W. Zhang S. Liang X. Zheng H. Zhong Y. Yu J. Chen Z. Zhang L. Joint spatial weak measurement with higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian point states Opt. Express 2022 30 17848 17857 10.1364/OE.457656
Puentes G. Hermosa N. Torres J.P. Weak measurements with orbital-angular-momentum pointer states Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012 109 040401 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.040401
Qiu J. Ren C. Zhang Z. Precisely measuring the orbital angular momentum of beams via weak measurement Phys. Rev. A 2016 93 063841 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.063841
Zhu J. Zhang P. Li Q. Wang F. Wang C. Zhou Y. Wang J. Gao H. Kwek L.C. Li F. Measuring the topological charge of orbital angular momentum beams by utilizing weak measurement principle Sci. Rep. 2019 9 7993 10.1038/s41598-019-44465-z 31142778
Cormann M. Caudano Y. Geometric description of modular and weak values in discrete quantum systems using the Majorana representation J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 2017 50 305302 10.1088/1751-8121/aa7639
Ballesteros Ferraz L. Lambert D.L. Caudano Y. Geometrical interpretation of the argument of weak values of general observables in N-level quantum systems Quantum Sci. Technol. 2022 7 045028 10.1088/2058-9565/ac8bf1
Cormann M. Remy M. Kolaric B. Caudano Y. Revealing geometric phases in modular and weak values with a quantum eraser Phys. Rev. A 2016 93 042124 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.042124
Wang B. Li P. Chen T. Zhang X. Accurately identifying mode indices of Laguerre-Gaussian beams via weak measurements J. Opt. 2017 19 055603 10.1088/2040-8986/aa630c
Zhu J. Zhang P. Wang F. Wang Y. Li Q. Liu R. Wang J. Gao H. Li F. Experimentally measuring the mode indices of Laguerre-Gaussian beams by weak measurement Opt. Express 2021 29 5419 5426 10.1364/OE.416671
Wang A. Zhu J. Luo L. Liu X. Ye L. Zhang Z. Du J. Optical differentiation based on weak measurements Opt. Lett. 2022 47 3880 10.1364/OL.463016
Fang L. Luo L. Zhao R. Liu B. Measuring the Orbital Angular Momentum of Light Based on Optical Differentiation IEEE Photonics J. 2023 15 1 7 10.1109/JPHOT.2023.3285226
Bliokh Y.K. Aiello A. Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov beam shifts: An overview J. Opt. 2013 15 014001 10.1088/2040-8978/15/1/014001
Hosten O. Kwiat P. Observation of the spin Hall effect of light via weak measurements Science 2008 319 787 790 10.1126/science.1152697
Jayaswal G. Mistura G. Merano M. Weak measurement of the Goos–Hänchen shift Opt. Lett. 2013 38 1232 1234 10.1364/OL.38.001232
Jayaswal G. Mistura G. Merano M. Observing angular deviations in light-beam reflection via weak measurements Opt. Lett. 2014 39 6257 6260 10.1364/OL.39.006257
Goswami S. Pal M. Nandi A. Panigrahi P.K. Ghosh N. Simultaneous weak value amplification of angular Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts in partial reflection Opt. Lett. 2014 39 6229 6232 10.1364/OL.39.006229
Prajapati C. Viswanathan N.K. Simultaneous weak measurement of angular and spatial Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts J. Opt. 2017 19 105611 10.1088/2040-8986/aa8716
Dennis M.R. Götte J.B. The analogy between optical beam shifts and quantum weak measurements New J. Phys. 2012 14 073013 10.1088/1367-2630/14/7/073013
Dennis M.R. Götte J.B. Beam shifts to reflected light beams and their axial structure Proc. SPIE 2014 9441 94410M 10.1117/12.2086612
Merano M. Hermosa N. Woerdman J.P. Aiello A. How orbital angular momentum affects beam shifts in optical reflection Phys. Rev. A 2010 82 023817 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.023817
Zhang X. Wang S. Liu J. Wu J. Li J. Spin-Hall Effect of Cylindrical Vector Vortex Beams Photonics 2023 10 1356 10.3390/photonics10121356
Long W. Pan J. Guo X. Liu X. Lin H. Zheng H. Yu J. Guan H. Lu H. Zhong Y. et al. Optimized weak measurement of orbital angular momentum-induced beam shifts in optical reflection Photonics Res. 2019 7 1273 1278 10.1364/PRJ.7.001273
Mandal S. Das A. Pradhan M. Weak measurement of the Goos-Hänchen shift for a Hermite-Gaussian laser beam J. Opt. 2024 26 045403 10.1088/2040-8986/ad2ca6
Prajapati C. Viswanathan N.K. Enhancement of weak spin-Hall shift using higher-order helical-wavefront beams OSA Contin. 2018 1 872 881 10.1364/OSAC.1.000872
Xie S. Zhu J. Wang A. Wang Y. Huang Y. Zhang Z. Super amplification enabled by orbital angular momentum in weak measurement Opt. Express 2024 32 11794 10.1364/OE.517987
Téppel F. Ornigotti M. Aiello A. Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts from a quantum-mechanical perspective New J. Phys. 2013 15 113059 10.1088/1367-2630/15/11/113059
Shi L.k. Song J.C.W. Shift vector as the geometric origin of beam shifts Phys. Rev. B 2019 100 201405 10.1103/PhysRevB.100.201405
Xu L. Liu Z. Datta A. Knee G.C. Lundeen J.S. Lu Y.Q. Zhang L. Approaching quantum-limited metrology with imperfect detectors by using weak-value amplification Phys. Rev. Lett. 2020 125 080501 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.080501
Yin X. Hesselink L. Goos-Hänchen shift surface plasmon resonance sensor Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006 89 261108 10.1063/1.2424277
Wang X. Yin C. Sun J. Li H. Wang Y. Ran M. Cao Z. High-sensitivity temperature sensor using the ultrahigh order mode-enhanced Goos-Hänchen effect Opt. Express 2013 11 13380 10.1364/OE.21.013380
Xu L. Luo L. Wu H. Luo Z. Zhang Z. Shi H. Chang T. Wu P. Du C. Cui H.L. Measurement of chiral molecular parameters based on a combination of surface plasmon resonance and weak value amplification ACS Sens. 2020 5 2398 2407 10.1021/acssensors.0c00346 32608228
Tang T. Shen K. Li J. Liang X. Tang Y. Li C. He Y. Optimal weak measurement scheme for chiral molecular detection based on photonic spin Hall effect Opt. Express 2023 31 40308 10.1364/OE.500812
Wang Y. Yang S. Zhang Q. Chen Y. Hu X. Zhang H. Zhang Z. Complete chiroptical signal detection using weak measurement with intensity-contrast-ratio pointers APL Photonics 2023 8 126102 10.1063/5.0164781
