Timber selection for sustainable construction: A holistic approach to species assessment and decision support

The evolving landscape of environmental and economic challenges in the construction sector underscores the need for innovative material solutions. Wood is increasingly considered a viable alternative, offering a potential path forward. With its renewable nature, carbon sequestration potential, and favourable mechanical properties for its relatively low weight, wood differentiates itself from conventional materials. However, environmental crises and evolving climate conditions threaten the long-term stability of wood resources, underscoring the need for proactive and diversified strategies in resource management. To address these challenges, this study presents TUP4C (Timber Utilisation Potential for Construction), a decision-support approach designed to assist multiple stakeholders in selecting suitable wood species for construction. The tool integrates economic, environmental, social and technical criteria within a holistic, multi-criteria decision-making framework. Its adaptable design allows for customisation to various stakeholder profiles, aligning with their priorities, targeted product categories, and strategic timeframes. In the preliminary phase of a project, the tool reveals diversification opportunities by considering new wood species aligned with a defined product and vision. An application in Wallonia (Belgium) demonstrates its ability to highlight lesser-known hardwoods while confirming spruce’s industrial predominance for structural and exterior joinery applications. By promoting the use of diversified wood species, TUP4C contributes to a more resilient and adaptive forestry-wood-construction sector, fostering sustainable resource management and strategic decision-making.