The invisible threats of sunscreen as a plastic co-pollutant: Impact of a common organic UV filter on biofilm formation and metabolic function in the nascent marine plastisphere. - 2025
The invisible threats of sunscreen as a plastic co-pollutant: Impact of a common organic UV filter on biofilm formation and metabolic function in the nascent marine plastisphere.
Lee, Charlotte E; Messer, Lauren F; Wattiez, Ruddyet al.
2025 • In Journal of Hazardous Materials, 495, p. 139103
[en] Plastic debris in marine environments serves as a substrate for microbial colonisation, forming biofilms known as 'plastispheres'. Also accumulated on plastic debris are co-pollutants including UV-protective organic UV-filters from sunscreens, which likely interact with this niche through their lipophilicity. Despite their widespread use and environmental accumulation, the influence of UV-filters on plastisphere composition and function has never been investigated. This study therefore investigates, for the first time, how co-pollution - specifically by an organic UV-filter - impacts the composition and function of marine plastisphere communities. To achieve this, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was incubated with marine microbial communities for six days to cultivate a nascent plastisphere, which was then exposed to 5 mg/L of EthylHexyl MethoxyCinnamate (EHMC); the most used organic UV-filter in sunscreens, and a prevalent marine pollutant. Metagenomic analyses revealed that EHMC favoured the growth of bacterial generalists Pseudomonas and Psychromonas while reducing pollutant-degrading genera like Marinomonas. Analysis of 3070 proteins revealed a consistent upregulation of proteins used for biofilm maintenance by Pseudomonas with EHMC exposure, including the considerable upregulation of outer membrane porin F (OprF) which regulates exopolymeric substance (EPS) production. Additionally, proteins thought to indicate a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration were frequently expressed after exposure to EHMC. This may have selected against the obligate aerobes Marinomonas and Pseudoalteromonas, contributing to the observed shift in community composition. These findings underscore the importance of considering chemical co-pollutants in plastisphere research as we now begin to discover how ecologically significant, and potentially harmful microbial genera are affected by this interaction.
Lee, Charlotte E; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland FK9 4LA, UK
Messer, Lauren F ; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland FK9 4LA, UK
Wattiez, Ruddy ; Université de Mons - UMONS > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Protéomie et Microbiologie
Matallana-Surget, Sabine ; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland FK9 4LA, UK. Electronic address: sabine.matallanasurget@stir.ac.uk
Language :
English
Title :
The invisible threats of sunscreen as a plastic co-pollutant: Impact of a common organic UV filter on biofilm formation and metabolic function in the nascent marine plastisphere.
This research was funded by the joint UKRI Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the National Research Foundation Singapore (NRF) , project, \u201CSources impacts and solutions to plastics in South-East Asia coastal environments\u201D. L.F.M and S.M-S were supported by the UKRI NERC/NRF project ( NERC Award No. NE/V009621/1, NRF Award No. NRF-SEAP-2020\u20130001 ). The Bioprofiling platform used for proteomic analysis was supported by the European Regional Development Fund and the Walloon Region, Belgium. C.E.L was the recipient of a studentship funded by the NERC Scottish Universities Partnership for Environmental Research (SUPER) Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) (Grant reference number NE/S007342/1 ) for the research and writing of this project, and was further supported by the UKRI NERC/NRF project for article submission. Additionally, C.E.L received a travel mobility fund through the MASTS-SFC Saltire Emerging Researcher Scheme (MASTS-SERS) to support her travel expenses to Belgium for her research visit at UMons. The authors declare no financial or intellectual conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
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