Building Information Modeling (BIM)-based tools for inspecting post- construction energy and sustainability performance

Despite growing interest in Building Information Modeling (BIM) for improving building energy performance, its application during the post-construction phase remains underexplored, particularly regarding integration with emerging technologies and stakeholder-driven strategies. Our systematic review investigates the role of BIM in enhancing energy efficiency and environmental performance in operational buildings, addressing both technical and organizational dimensions.
A structured literature search was conducted across major scientific databases, selecting peer-reviewed studies based on predefined eligibility criteria. The review examines BIM's integration with the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twins and the impact of stakeholder collaboration and occupant engagement.
The findings highlight BIM's transformative potential through real-time data integration, energy simulations, and lifecycle modeling to mitigate the energy performance gap. However, challenges such as data interoperability, the lack of standardized protocols, and limited technical expertise among facility managers impede its widespread adoption. Case studies demonstrate substantial improvements in energy efficiency and sustainability, underscoring BIM's value in post-construction building management and its pivotal role in global decarbonization efforts and sustainable building practices.
This review synthesizes current knowledge and identifies key research gaps, providing a comprehensive framework for advancing BIM applications in sustainable building operations. Future research should focus on developing standardized data exchange protocols, scalable BIM applications for smaller projects, and occupant-centric approaches to further enhance energy performance