Coronary Artery Disease/pathology; Humans; Image Enhancement/methods; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods; Light; Photometry/methods; Reproducibility of Results; Scattering, Radiation; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods; Algorithms; atherosclerosis; attenuation; backscattering; optical coherence tomography; plaque; tissue characterization; Attenuation coefficient; Cardio-vascular disease; Coronary arteries; Diagnostic tools; Human cadaver; Intravascular; Light backscattering; Lipid pools; Physical model; Qualitative observations; Single scattering; Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials; Biomaterials; Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics; Biomedical Engineering
Abstract :
[en] Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been proven a powerful diagnostic tool for cardiovascular diseases. However, the optical mechanism for the qualitative observations are still absent. We address the fundamental issues that underlie the tissue characterization of OCT images obtained from coronary arteries. For this, we investigate both the attenuation and the backscattering properties of different plaque components of postmortem human cadaver coronary arteries. The artery samples are examined both from lumen surface using a catheter and from transversely cut surface using an OCT microscope, where OCT images could be matched to histology exactly. Light backscattering coefficient microb and attenuation coefficients microt are determined for three basic plaque types based on a single-scattering physical model: calcification (microb=4.9+/-1.5 mm(-1), microt=5.7+/-1.4 mm(-1)), fibers (microb=18.4+/-6.4 mm(-1), microt=6.4+/-1.2 mm(-1)), and lipid pool (microb=28.1+/-8.9 mm(-1), microt=13.7+/-4.5 mm(-1)). Our results not only explain the origins of many qualitative OCT features, but also show that combination of backscattering and attenuation coefficient measurements can be used for contrast enhancing and better tissue characterization.
Disciplines :
Cardiovascular & respiratory systems
Author, co-author :
Xu, Chenyang; Lightlab Imaging Inc., 1 Technology Park Drive, Westford, Massachusetts 01886, USA. xuchenyang@gmail.com
Schmitt, Joseph M; Lightlab Imaging Inc., Westford, MA 01886, United States
Carlier, Stéphane ; Columbia University [US-NY] > Cardiovascular Research Foundation
Virmani, Renu; CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, United States
Language :
English
Title :
Characterization of atherosclerosis plaques by measuring both backscattering and attenuation coefficients in optical coherence tomography.
The work was supported by a research grant from Goodman Inc. The authors wish to thank Allen Burke, MD, for advices on histological processing and interpretation, and Amin Ka-touzian for helping in tissue sample collection.
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