[en] The mining bees (Andrenidae) are a major bee family of over 3000 described species with a nearly global distribution. They are a particularly significant component of northern temperate ecosystems and are critical pollinators in natural and agricultural settings. Despite their ecological and evolutionary significance, our knowledge of the evolutionary history of Andrenidae is sparse and insufficient to characterize their spatiotemporal origin and phylogenetic relationships. This limits our ability to understand the diversification dynamics that led to the second most species-rich genus of all bees, Andrena Fabricius, and the most species-rich North American genus, Perdita Smith. Here, we develop a comprehensive genomic dataset of 195 species of Andrenidae, including all major lineages, to illuminate the evolutionary history of the family. Using fossil-informed divergence time estimates, we characterize macroevolutionary dynamics, incorporate paleoclimatic information, and present our findings in the context of diversification rate estimates for all other bee tribes. We found that diversification rates of Andrenidae steeply increased over the past 15 million years, particularly in the genera Andrena and Perdita. This suggests that these two groups and the brood parasites of the genus Nomada Scopoli (Apidae), which are the primary cleptoparasitic counterparts of Andrena, are similar in age and represent the fastest diversifying lineages of all bees. Using our newly developed time frame of andrenid evolution, we estimate a late Cretaceous origin in South America for the family and reconstruct the past dispersal events that led to its present-day distribution.
Disciplines :
Entomology & pest control Zoology
Author, co-author :
Bossert, Silas ; Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States ; Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States
Patiny, Sébastien; Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
Michez, Denis ; Université de Mons - UMONS > Faculté des Sciences > Service de Zoologie
Almeida, Eduardo A. B. ; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Minckley, Robert L. ; Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
Packer, Laurence ; Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
Neff, John L. ; Central Texas Melittological Institute, Austin, United States
Copeland, Robert S. ; Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States ; ICIPE, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
Straka, Jakub ; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Pauly, Alain; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O.D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Brussels, Belgium
Griswold, Terry ; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Utah State University, Logan, United States
Brady, Seán G.; Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States
Danforth, Bryan N. ; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
Murray, Elizabeth A. ; Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States ; Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States
Grantová Agentura České Republiky National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka
Funding text :
Fundação de Amparo á Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Grant/Award Number: #2018/09666‐5; Grantová Agentura České Republiky, Grant/Award Number: 20‐14872S; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Numbers: DEB‐1555905, DEB‐2127744, DEB‐2127745 Funding informationThis work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DEB‐1555905, DEB‐2127744 and DEB‐2127745, and a Cornell Entomology Griswold Grant to S. Bossert. S. Bossert and E.A. Murray were supported by Peter Buck fellowships at the Smithsonian Institution. R.S. Copeland thanks the director of ICIPE for her continuing support of our project on the biodiversity of Kenyan insects, and he gratefully acknowledges the ICIPE core funding provided by UK Aid from the Government of the United Kingdom; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency; the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany; and the Kenyan Government. J. Straka was supported by the Czech Science Foundation grant (20‐14872S) and E.A.B. Almeida received funding from grant #2018/09666‐5 of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). T.J. Wood is supported by an F.R.S.‐FNRS fellowship “Chargé de recherches”. We thank Bonnie Blaimer for her help with DNA extractions, Michael O. Dillon for the discussion on the antiquity of , and Michael R. May for advice on RevBayes. Parts of the laboratory work for this study was conducted in the L.A.B. facilities of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. We acknowledge the usage of DNA extracts that were generated and deposited at Cornell University by John Ascher during his PhD education. We thank Katherine Parys (USDA‐ARS) for contributing specimens of . Computational resources were provided by the SI High‐Performance Computing cluster ( 10.25572/SIHPC ). Nolana Anthemurgus passifloraeThis work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DEB-1555905, DEB-2127744 and DEB-2127745, and a Cornell Entomology Griswold Grant to S. Bossert. S. Bossert and E.A. Murray were supported by Peter Buck fellowships at the Smithsonian Institution. R.S. Copeland thanks the director of ICIPE for her continuing support of our project on the biodiversity of Kenyan insects, and he gratefully acknowledges the ICIPE core funding provided by UK Aid from the Government of the United Kingdom; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency; the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany; and the Kenyan Government. J. Straka was supported by the Czech Science Foundation grant (20-14872S) and E.A.B. Almeida received funding from grant #2018/09666-5 of the S?o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). T.J. Wood is supported by an F.R.S.-FNRS fellowship ?Charg? de recherches?. We thank Bonnie Blaimer for her help with DNA extractions, Michael O. Dillon for the discussion on the antiquity of Nolana, and Michael R. May for advice on RevBayes. Parts of the laboratory work for this study was conducted in the L.A.B. facilities of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. We acknowledge the usage of DNA extracts that were generated and deposited at Cornell University by John Ascher during his PhD education. We thank Katherine Parys (USDA-ARS) for contributing specimens of Anthemurgus passiflorae. Computational resources were provided by the SI High-Performance Computing cluster (10.25572/SIHPC).
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